Series of military trials at the end of World War II
For the film, see Nuremberg Trials (film).
"International Military Tribunal" redirects here. For the Tokyo Trial, see International Military Tribunal for the Far East.
International Military Tribunal
View from above of the judges' bench at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, Allied-occupied Germany
Indictment
Conspiracy, crimes against peace, war crimes, crimes against humanity
Started
20 November 1945
Decided
1 October 1946
Defendant
24 (see list)
Witnesses
37 prosecution, 83 defense
Case history
Related action(s)
Subsequent Nuremberg trials International Military Tribunal for the Far East
Court membership
Judge(s) sitting
Iona Nikitchenko (Soviet Union)
Geoffrey Lawrence (UK)
Francis Biddle (US)
Donnedieu de Vabres (France)
and deputies
The Nuremberg trials were held by the Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries across Europe and atrocities against their citizens in World War II.
Between 1933 and 1945, Nazi Germany invaded many countries across Europe, inflicting 27 million deaths in the Soviet Union alone. Proposals for how to punish the defeated Nazi leaders ranged from a show trial (the Soviet Union) to summary executions (the United Kingdom). In mid-1945, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States agreed to convene a joint tribunal in Nuremberg, occupied Germany, with the Nuremberg Charter as its legal instrument. Between 20 November 1945 and 1 October 1946, the International Military Tribunal (IMT) tried 21 of the most important surviving leaders of Nazi Germany in the political, military, and economic spheres, as well as six German organizations. The purpose of the trial was not just to convict the defendants but also to assemble irrefutable evidence of Nazi crimes, offer a history lesson to the defeated Germans, and delegitimize the traditional German elite.
The IMT verdict followed the prosecution in declaring the crime of plotting and waging aggressive war "the supreme international crime" because "it contains within itself the accumulated evil of the whole".[1] Most of the defendants were also charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity, and the systematic murder of millions of Jews in the Holocaust was significant to the trial. Twelve further trials were conducted by the United States against lower-level perpetrators, which focused more on the Holocaust. Controversial at the time for their retroactive criminalization of aggression, the trials' innovation of holding individuals responsible for violations of international law is considered "the true beginning of international criminal law".[2]
The Nurembergtrials were held by the Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries...
The subsequent Nurembergtrials (also Nuremberg Military Tribunals; 1946–1949) were twelve military tribunals for war crimes committed by the leaders of...
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first trial (several were planned) would take place in Nuremberg. Due to the Cold War, subsequent trials never took place. Following the trials, in October...
The Nuremberg executions took place on 16 October 1946, shortly after the conclusion of the Nurembergtrials. Ten prominent members of the political and...
Subsequent Nurembergtrials that were held after the Second World War. Though it was articulated as part of the court's verdict in the trial, the Code...
The following is a bibliography of works devoted to the NurembergTrials. The NurembergTrials were a series of military tribunals, held by the victorious...
1946, the International Military Tribunal (IMT), better known as the Nurembergtrials, tried 24 of the most important political and military leaders of Nazi...
the accused in the 1945–1946 Nurembergtrials, such that it is also called the "Nuremberg defense". The Nurembergtrials were a series of military tribunals...
fifty trials. After the end of World War II, the Nurembergtrials were conducted in 1945 and 1946 to bring Nazi war criminals to justice. The Nuremberg Charter...
rights arising from trials of war criminals, quislings and traitors, and in particular from the Nurembergtrials and Tokyo Trials." The report had been...
twelve US trials are collectively known as the "Subsequent Nurembergtrials" or, more formally, as the "Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military...
authorized under the IMTFE Charter. The Tokyo Trial lasted more than twice as long as the better-known Nurembergtrials, and its impact was similarly influential...
criminal at the 1945 NurembergTrials were dropped because by then he was bedridden, senile, and considered medically unfit for trial. The charges against...
He later served on the International Military Tribunal during the Nurembergtrials as a judge for the Soviet Union. Iona was born to a peasant family...
of the United Nations to codify the legal principles underlying the NurembergTrials of Nazi party members following World War II. Any person who commits...
U.S. trials are collectively known as the "subsequent NurembergTrials" or, more formally, as the "Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military...
highest-ranking member of the SS to face trial (Himmler having committed suicide in May 1945) at the Nurembergtrials, where he was found guilty of war crimes...
U.S. trials are collectively known as the "Subsequent NurembergTrials" or, more formally, as the "Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military...
U.S. trials are collectively known as the "subsequent Nurembergtrials" or, more formally, as the "Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military...
World War II. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nurembergtrial and sentenced to 20 years in prison. An architect by training, Speer...
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