The Nordic Seas are located north of Iceland and south of Svalbard. They have also been defined as the region located north of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge and south of the Fram Strait-Spitsbergen-Norway intersection.[1] Known to connect the North Pacific and the North Atlantic waters, this region is also known as having some of the densest waters, creating the densest region found in the North Atlantic Deep Water.[2] The deepest waters of the Arctic Ocean are connected to the worlds other oceans through Nordic Seas and Fram Strait. There are three seas within the Nordic Sea: Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Iceland Sea.[1] The Nordic Seas only make up about 0.75% of the World's Oceans.[2] This region is known as having diverse features in such a small topographic area, such as the mid oceanic ridge systems. Some locations have shallow shelves, while others have deep slopes and basins. This region, because of the atmosphere-ocean transfer of energy and gases, has varying seasonal climate. During the winter, sea ice is formed in the western and northern regions of the Nordic Seas, whereas during the summer months, the majority of the region remains free of ice.
Several water masses are found interacting in the Nordic Sea. These water masses are present due to subduction, deep convective mixing, surface/frontal mixing, and entrainment of water from low and high latitudes. Interaction from multiple water sources can lead to varying conditions. New primary production is higher in this region, usually exceeding regenerated primary production. New production is higher in regions where water interacts with Atlantic Water, which has nutrient-rich waters. When looking at carbon flux from the atmosphere to the ocean, this region is considered one of the highest in the world's oceans. This region is also known as being one of the few bodies of water that take up large quantities of carbon dioxide yearly, ranging from 20 to 85 g C m−2y−1,[2] which is considered high in comparison the carbon dioxide flux in the world's oceans.
The Nordic Seas include the Greenland Sea, the Norwegian Sea, and the Iceland Sea. The Greenland and the Norwegian Sea are separately distinguished by Mohn's Ridge.[3] The Greenland and Iceland Sea are separated by the Jan Mayen fracture zone, and the Norwegian and Iceland Seas have the Aegir Ridge between them.[1] The Nordic Seas have varying and diverse features as a result of each sea having separate water mass structures and circulation patterns. The Greenland Sea produces dense waters because of its high salinity and cooler temperatures from winter cooling. Higher salinity is present as a result of the Greenland Sea's close proximity to the salinity inflow that occurs from the Atlantic Ocean. Another dense water source comes from the Arctic waters that also flow into the Greenland Sea. These water source mixtures are important because they play a role in the overflows that occur in the North Atlantic. The water that overflows from the Greenland ridge becomes the North Atlantic Deep Water[4] dense water, even though this body of water does not make up the deep waters of the Nordic Sea.[1]
^ abcdTalley, Lynne; Pickard, George; Emery, William; Swift, James (2011). Descriptive Physical Oceanography. London, UK: Elsevier Inc. pp. 401–410. ISBN 978-0-7506-4552-2.
^ abcDrange, H; Dokken, T; Furevik, T; Gerdes, R; Berger, W (2005). The Nordic Seas: An Integrated Perspective(PDF). Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union. pp. 1–10.
^Chen, C. "Ocean Water Masses- Intermediate, Deep, and Bottom Waters" (PDF). School for Marine Sciences and Technology UMass-Dartmouth. Retrieved April 2, 2017.
through NordicSeas and Fram Strait. There are three seas within the NordicSea: Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Iceland Sea. The NordicSeas only make...
Empress (formerly Nordic Empress and Empress of the Seas) is a cruise ship owned by Cordelia Cruises, an Indian cruise line. She is the sole ship of her...
oceanographic studies the Greenland Sea is considered part of the NordicSeas, along with the Norwegian Sea. The NordicSeas are the main connection between...
southward-flowing water originating from the NordicSeas is colder and consequently more dense than the Irminger Sea to the south of the strait. At the Greenland–Iceland...
reveals that the deep Lofoten Basin is a major convection site in the NordicSeas, specifically in winter: inside the Lofoten Vortex, the Atlantic Water...
deep water. These limbs are linked by regions of overturning in the NordicSeas and the Southern Ocean. Overturning sites are associated with intense...
North Sea, the Irish Sea, the NordicSeas, the Barents Sea, the White Sea and the remainder of North East Atlantic, except for the Baltic Sea and the...
The Nordic countries (also known as the Nordics or Norden; lit. 'the North') are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic...
Greenland continental margin. The current cuts through the NordicSeas (the Greenland and Norwegian Seas) and through the Denmark Strait. The current is of major...
often marked by the following changes: Increased δ18O of the northern (Nordic) seas and East Asian stalactites (speleothems), which by proxy suggests falling...
to as NordicSeas Overflow Water (NSOW). NSOW flows cyclonically following the surface route of the SPG (sub-polar gyre) around the Labrador Sea and further...
2007-08-06. Retrieved 2007-08-02. (Increased temperature and salinity in the NordicSeas.) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gulf stream. Current map of...
S2CID 17612035. Perry, R.K. (1986). "Bathymetry". In Hurdle, Burton G. (ed.). The NordicSeas. Springer-Verlag. pp. 227–28. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8035-5_9. ISBN 978-0-387-96241-2...
brown or red hair and light coloured eyes. The Nordics inhabit the countries around the North and Baltic Seas and include not only the great Scandinavian...
second and third Sovereign-class cruise ships Monarch of the Seas and Majesty of the Seas were delivered in 1991 and 1992 respectively. Royal Caribbean...
2013. "Nordic Giants - A Tree As Old As Me". Discogs. Retrieved 8 May 2015. "Nordic Giants - Build Seas". Discogs. Retrieved 8 May 2015. "Nordic Giants...
Dimensions" by Barry Klinger ("What Wrong Looks Like from the Inside"): The NordicSeas provide another example of conventional wisdom being replaced by a new...
confirmed that Icon of the Seas would be bigger than the Oasis class. On 19 June 2023, Icon of the Seas sailed for the first of her sea trials. She returned...
Harmony of the Seas in May 2016, Symphony of the Seas in April 2018, and Wonder of the Seas in March 2022, as well as Utopia of the Seas in July 2024....
The Nordic model comprises the economic and social policies as well as typical cultural practices common in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland...
"The Seven Seas" is a figurative term for all the seas of the known world. The phrase is used in reference to sailors and pirates in the arts and popular...
North Sea, the Irish Sea, the NordicSeas, the Barents Sea, the White Sea and the remainder of the North East Atlantic Ocean, except for the Baltic Sea and...
Nordicism is an ideology which views the historical race concept of the "Nordic race" as an endangered and superior racial group. Some notable and influential...
Brilliance of the Seas is a cruise ship belonging to the Royal Caribbean's Radiance class. Brilliance of the Seas is operated by RCL UK Ltd., a subsidiary...
Ice Age abruptly triggered by intrusion of Atlantic waters into the NordicSeas". Science Advances. 7 (51): eabi8230. Bibcode:2021SciA....7.8230L. doi:10...
trademark for Utopia of the Seas in 2021, along with 23 other ship names. The company announced the name Utopia of the Seas at the steel cutting ceremony...
Shipyard, Finland. At 154,407 GT, she joined Freedom of the Seas and Liberty of the Seas as the largest cruise ships and passenger vessels when built...
Global Information