2002 United States education reform law; repealed 2015
"No Child Left Behind" redirects here. For the Kanye West song, see No Child Left Behind (song). For the Viking album, see No Child Left Behind (album).
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
Long title
An act to close the achievement gap with accountability, flexibility, and choice, so that no child is left behind.
Acronyms (colloquial)
NCLB
Enacted by
the 107th United States Congress
Citations
Public law
Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 107–110 (text) (PDF)
Statutes at Large
115 Stat. 1425
Codification
Acts amended
List
Adult Education and Family Literacy Act
Age Discrimination Act of 1975
Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator Fellowship Act of 1994
Augustus F. Hawkins-Robert T. Stafford Elementary and Secondary School Improvement Amendments of 1988
Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical Education Act of 1998
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Communications Act of 1934
Community Services Block Grant Act
Department of Education Organization Act
District of Columbia College Access Act of 1999
Education Amendments of 1972
Education Amendments of 1978
Education Flexibility Partnership Act of 1999
Education for Economic Security Act
Educational Research, Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act of 1994
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
General Education Provisions Act
Goals 2000: Educate America Act
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1986
Higher Education Act of 1965
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Act
Internal Revenue Code of 1986
Johnson–O'Malley Act of 1934
Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1997
McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act of 1987
Museum and Library Services Act
National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977
National and Community Service Act of 1990
National Child Protection Act of 1993
National Education Statistics Act of 1994
National Environmental Education Act of 1990
Native American Languages Act
Public Law 88-210
Public Law 106-400
Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Safe Drinking Water Act
School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994
State Dependent Care Development Grants Act
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Tribally Controlled Schools Act of 1987
Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century
Workforce Investment Act of 1998
Titles amended
15 U.S.C.: Commerce and Trade 20 U.S.C.: Education 42 U.S.C.: Public Health and Social Welfare 47 U.S.C.: Telegraphy
U.S.C. sections amended
15 U.S.C. ch. 53, subch. I §§ 2601–2629 20 U.S.C. ch. 28 § 1001 et seq. 20 U.S.C. ch. 70 42 U.S.C. ch. 119 § 11301 et seq. 47 U.S.C. ch. 5, subch. VI § 609 47 U.S.C. ch. 5, subch. II § 251 et seq. 47 U.S.C. ch. 5, subch. I § 151 et seq. 47 U.S.C. ch. 5, subch. II § 271 et seq.
Legislative history
Introduced in the House of Representatives as H.R. 1 by John Boehner (R-OH) on March 22, 2001
Committee consideration by Education and the Workforce and Judiciary
Passed the United States House of Representatives on May 23, 2001 (384–45)
Passed the United States Senate on June 14, 2001 (91–8)
Reported by the joint conference committee on December 13, 2001; agreed to by the United States House of Representatives on December 13, 2001 (381–41) and by the United States Senate on December 18, 2001 (87–10)
Signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002
Major amendments
Repealed on December 10, 2015. Replaced with Every Student Succeeds Act
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President George W. Bush signing the No Child Left Behind ActPresident George W. Bush signs the No Child Left Behind Act into law.
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB)[1][2] was a U.S. Act of Congress promoted by the Presidency of George W. Bush. It reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students.[3] It mandated standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals could improve individual outcomes in education. To receive federal school funding, states had to create and give assessments to all students at select grade levels.
The act did not set national achievement standards. Instead, each state developed its own standards.[4] NCLB expanded the federal role in public education through further emphasis on annual testing, annual academic progress, report cards, and teacher qualifications, as well as significant changes in funding.[3] While the bill faced challenges from both Democrats and Republicans, it passed in both chambers of the legislature with significant bipartisan support.[5]
Many provisions of the act generated significant controversy. By 2015, bipartisan criticism had increased so much that a bipartisan Congress stripped away the national features of No Child Left Behind. Its replacement, the Every Student Succeeds Act, turned the remnants over to the states.[6][7]
^Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 107–110 (text) (PDF), 115 Stat. 1425, enacted January 8, 2002.
^The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (The No Child Left Behind Act of 2004)
^ ab"No Child Left Behind: An Overview". Education Week. Retrieved July 16, 2015.
^"No Child Left Behind". Sonoma County Office of Education. Archived from the original on April 6, 2012. Retrieved March 21, 2012.
^"To close the achievement gap with accountability, flexibility, and choice, so that no child is left behind". Library of Congress. March 22, 2001. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
^Layton, Lyndsey (December 11, 2015) "Obama signs new K–12 education law that ends No Child Left Behind". Washington Post
^Hirschfeld Davis, Julie (December 10, 2015). "President Obama Signs Into Law a Rewrite of No Child Left Behind". The New York Times.
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