Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Chemical compound
Nicotinonitrile or 3-cyanopyridine is an organic compound with the formula NCC5H4N. The molecule consists of a pyridine ring with a nitrile group attached to the 3-position. A colorless solid, it is produced by ammoxidation of 3-methylpyridine:[2]
H3CC5H4N + NH3 + 1.5 O2 → NCC5H4N + 3 H2O
Nicotinonitrile is a precursor to the vitamin niacin.[3]
Nitrilase-catalyzed hydrolysis of 3-cyanopyridine by means of immobilized Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1[2] strains leads in quantitative yield to nicotinamide (vitamin B3).[4][5][6] The enzyme allows for a more selective synthesis as further hydrolysis of the amide to nicotinic acid is avoided.[7]
Oxidation of 3-cyanopyridine with hydrogen peroxide gives 3-cyanopyridine N-oxide, which hydrolyzes to nicotinic acid N-oxide, a precursor to pharmaceuticals.
^Kubiak, R.; Janczak, J.; Śledź, M. (June 2002). "Crystal structures of 2- and 3-cyanopyridine". Journal of Molecular Structure. 610 (1–3): 59–64. Bibcode:2002JMoSt.610...59K. doi:10.1016/S0022-2860(02)00012-1.
^ abAbe, Nobuyuki; Ichimura, Hisao; Kataoka, Toshiaki; Morishita, Sinji; Shimizu, Shinkichi; Shoji, Takayuki; Watanabe, Nanao (2007). "Pyridine and Pyridine Derivatives". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_399. ISBN 978-3527306732.
^Nagasawa, Toru; Mathew, Caluwadewa Deepal; Mauger, Jacques; Yamada, Hideaki (1988). "Nitrile Hydratase-Catalyzed Production of Nicotinamide from 3-Cyanopyridine in Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1". Appl. Environ. Microbiol.54 (7): 1766–1769. Bibcode:1988ApEnM..54.1766N. doi:10.1128/AEM.54.7.1766-1769.1988. PMC 202743. PMID 16347686.
^Hilterhaus, L.; Liese, A. (2007). "Building Blocks". In Ulber, Roland; Sell, Dieter (eds.). White Biotechnology. Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology. Vol. 105. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 133–173. doi:10.1007/10_033. ISBN 9783540456957. PMID 17408083.
^Schmidberger, J. W.; Hepworth, L. J.; Green, A. P.; Flitsch, S. L. (2015). "Enzymatic Synthesis of Amides". In Faber, Kurt; Fessner, Wolf-Dieter; Turner, Nicholas J. (eds.). Biocatalysis in Organic Synthesis 1. Science of Synthesis. Georg Thieme Verlag. pp. 329–372. ISBN 9783131766113.
^Petersen, Michael; Kiener, Andreas (1999). "Biocatalysis". Green Chem.1 (2): 99–106. doi:10.1039/A809538H.
Nicotinonitrile or 3-cyanopyridine is an organic compound with the formula NCC5H4N. The molecule consists of a pyridine ring with a nitrile group attached...
Commercially, niacinamide is made from either nicotinic acid (niacin) or nicotinonitrile. In some countries, grains have niacinamide added to them. Niacinamide...
latter process, nicotinonitrile is produced by ammoxidation of 3-methylpyridine. Nitrile hydratase is then used to catalyze nicotinonitrile to nicotinamide...
4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)ethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile Identifiers CAS Number 252917-06-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image...