Global InformationNicolae Iorga information
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Nicolae Iorga | |
|---|---|
 Iorga in 1938 | |
| 34th Prime Minister of Romania | |
| In office 19 April 1931 – 6 June 1932 | |
| Monarch | Carol II |
| Preceded by | Gheorghe Mironescu |
| Succeeded by | Alexandru Vaida-Voievod |
| President of the Senate of Romania | |
| In office 9 June 1939 – 13 June 1939 | |
| Monarch | Carol II |
| Preceded by | Alexandru Lapedatu |
| Succeeded by | Constantin Argetoianu |
| President of the Assembly of Deputies | |
| In office 9 December 1919 – 26 March 1920 | |
| Monarch | Ferdinand I |
| Preceded by | Alexandru Vaida-Voevod |
| Succeeded by | Duiliu Zamfirescu |
| Member of the Crown Council | |
| In office 30 March 1938 – 6 September 1940 | |
| Monarch | Carol II |
| Minister of Internal Affairs | |
| Acting 18 April 1931 – 7 May 1931 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Ion Mihalache |
| Succeeded by | Constantin Argetoianu (Acting) |
| Minister of Culture and Religious Affairs | |
| In office 18 April 1931 – 5 June 1932 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Nicolae Costăchescu |
| Succeeded by | Dimitrie Gusti |
| President of the Democratic Nationalist Party | |
| In office 6 May 1910 – 16 December 1938 Serving with A. C. Cuza (until 26 April 1920) | |
| Preceded by | None (co-founder) |
| Succeeded by | None (party formally banned under the 1938 Constitution) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 January 1871 Botoșani, Principality of Romania |
| Died | 27 November 1940 (aged 69) Strejnic, Prahova County, Kingdom of Romania |
| Cause of death | Gunshot wounds |
| Political party | Democratic Nationalist Party (1910–1938) National Renaissance Front (1938–1940) |
| Spouses | Maria Tasu
(m. 1890; div. 1900)Ecaterina Bogdan
(m. 1901–1940) |
| Alma mater | Alexandru Ioan Cuza University École pratique des hautes études Leipzig University |
| Occupation | Writer, poet, professor, literary critic, politician |
| Profession | Historian, philosopher |
| Signature |  |
Nicolae Iorga[alt 1] (Romanian pronunciation: [nikoˈla.e ˈjorɡa]; 17 January 1871 – 27 November 1940) was a Romanian politician who held top posts, including Prime Minister and president of the Senate. He was also a historian, literary critic, memoirist, albanologist, poet and playwright. Co-founder (in 1910) of the Democratic Nationalist Party (PND), he served as a member of Parliament, President of the Deputies' Assembly, and cabinet minister. A child prodigy, polymath and polyglot, Iorga produced an unusually large body of scholarly works, establishing his international reputation as a medievalist, Byzantinist, Latinist, Slavist, art historian and philosopher of history. Holding teaching positions at the University of Bucharest, the University of Paris and several other academic institutions, Iorga was founder of the International Congress of Byzantine Studies and the Institute of South-East European Studies (ISSEE). His activity also included the transformation of Vălenii de Munte town into a cultural and academic center.
In parallel with his academic contributions, Nicolae Iorga was a prominent right-of-centre activist, whose political theory bridged conservatism, Romanian nationalism, and agrarianism. From Marxist beginnings, he switched sides and became a maverick disciple of the Junimea movement. Iorga later became a leadership figure at Sămănătorul, the influential literary magazine with populist leanings, and militated within the League for the Cultural Unity of All Romanians, founding vocally conservative publications such as Neamul Românesc, Drum Drept, Cuget Clar and Floarea Darurilor. His support for the cause of ethnic Romanians in Austria-Hungary made him a prominent figure in the pro-Entente camp by the time of World War I, and ensured him a special political role during the interwar existence of Greater Romania. Initiator of large-scale campaigns to defend Romanian culture in front of perceived threats, Iorga sparked most controversy with his antisemitic rhetoric, and was for long an associate of the far-right ideologue A. C. Cuza. He was an adversary of the dominant National Liberals, later involved with the opposition Romanian National Party.
Later in his life, Iorga opposed the radically fascist Iron Guard, and, after much oscillation, came to endorse its rival King Carol II. Involved in a personal dispute with the Guard's leader Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, and indirectly contributing to his killing, Iorga was also a prominent figure in Carol's corporatist and authoritarian party, the National Renaissance Front. He remained an independent voice of opposition after the Guard inaugurated its own National Legionary dictatorship, but was ultimately assassinated by a Guardist commando.
- ^ Iova, p. xxvii.
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