Former General Secretary of the CPSU Former President of the Soviet Union
Early life
Secretariate (1985–1991)
Soviet leader
Perestroika – Uskorenie – Glasnost
Anti-alcohol campaign
Chernobyl disaster
Demokratizatsiya
Law on Cooperatives
Spitak earthquake
Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan
1989 elections
Presidency (1990–1991)
Head of state
Assassination attempt
Pavlov reform
New Union Treaty
August Coup
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Foreign policy
New thinking
Murmansk Initiative
Sinatra Doctrine
International trips
Summits
Geneva
Reykjavík
Washington
Moscow
Governors Island
Malta
Helsinki
Letter from Khomeini
Post-leadership
1996 presidential campaign
The Gorbachev Foundation
Green Cross International
Pizza Hut commercial
Social Democratic Party of Russia
Death and funeral
Media gallery
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New political thinking (or simply new thinking)[a] was the doctrine put forth by Mikhail Gorbachev as part of his reforms of the Soviet Union. Its major elements were de-ideologization of international politics, abandoning the concept of class struggle, priority of universal human interests over the interests of any class, increasing interdependence of the world, and mutual security based on political rather than military instruments. The doctrine constituted a significant shift from the previous principles of the Soviet foreign politics.[2][3][4]
^Мы́шление: как Михаил Горбачев изменил русский язык
^"Gorbachev's New Thinking", by David Holloway, Foreign Affairs, vol.68 no.1
^"Gorbachev and New Thinking in Soviet Foreign Policy, 1987-88", USDOS archive
^New Thinking: Foreign Policy under Gorbachev, in: Glenn E. Curtis, ed. Russia: A Country Study, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1996.
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