Neurotrophic keratitis (NK) is a degenerative disease of the cornea caused by damage of the trigeminal nerve,[1] which results in impairment of corneal sensitivity, spontaneous corneal epithelium breakdown, poor corneal healing and development of corneal ulceration, melting and perforation.[2] This is because, in addition to the primary sensory role, the nerve also plays a role maintaining the integrity of the cornea by supplying it with trophic factors and regulating tissue metabolism.[3]
Neurotrophic keratitis is classified as a rare disease, with an estimated prevalence of less than 5 in 10,000 people in Europe. It has been recorded that on average, 6% of herpetic keratitis cases may evolve to this disease, with a peak of 12.8% of cases of keratitis due to varicella zoster virus.[4]
The diagnosis, and particularly the treatment of neurotrophic keratitis are the most complex and challenging aspects of this disease, as a satisfactory therapeutic approach is not yet available.[5]
^Sacchetti M, Lambiase A, Diagnosis and management of neurotrophic keratitis. Clin Ophthalmol 8 (2014) 571-9.
^Sacchetti, M; Lambiase, A (2014). "Diagnosis and management of neurotrophic keratitis". Clinical Ophthalmology. 8: 571–579. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S45921. PMC 3964170. PMID 24672223.
^Sacchetti M, Lambiase A, Diagnosis and management of neurotrophic keratitis. Clin Ophthalmol 8 (2014) 571-9.
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