In computer programming, a nested function (or nested procedure or subroutine) is a named function that is defined within another, enclosing, block and is lexically scoped within the enclosing block – meaning it is only callable by name within the body of the enclosing block and can use identifiers declared in outer blocks, including outer functions. The enclosing block is typically, but not always, another function.
Programming language support for nested functions varies. With respect to structured programming languages, it is supported in some outdated languages such as ALGOL, Simula 67 and Pascal and in the commonly used JavaScript. It is commonly supported in dynamic and functional languages.
However, it is not supported in some commonly used languages including standard C and C++.
Other programming technologies provide similar benefit. For example, a lambda function also allows for a function to be defined inside of a function (as well as elsewhere) and allows for similar data hiding and encapsulation. Notably, a lambda function has no name (is anonymous) and therefore cannot be called by name and has no visibility aspect.
goto statement to transfer control out of a nestedfunction and into a previously invoked outer function. This operation requires the stack to be unwound...
use stack-based memory allocation of the functions. The difficulty only arises if the body of a nestedfunction refers directly (i.e., not by argument passing)...
such, a function may have properties and methods, such as .call() and .bind(). A nestedfunction is a function defined within another function. It is created...
compact notation for nestedfunctions. For example, the definition of maternal grandmother in functional syntax can be written in the nested form: maternal_grandmother(X)...
applies today. The concept of automatic variables in recursive (and nested) functions in a lexically scoped language was introduced to the wider audience...
calculus by introducing function handles, or function references, which are implemented either in .m files or anonymous/nestedfunctions. MATLAB supports object-oriented...
pairs for delimiting them. It was also the first language implementing nestedfunction definitions with lexical scope. Moreover, it was the first programming...
called nested arrays. A user may define custom functions which, like variables, are identified by name rather than by a non-textual symbol. The function header...
also wrote RFC 2104 in 1997. The 1996 paper also defined a nested variant called NMAC (Nested MAC). FIPS PUB 198 generalizes and standardizes the use of...
program will finish running or continue forever Nestedfunction – A named function defined within a function Quine (computing) – Self-replicating program...
structured programming. ALGOL 60 was the first language to implement nestedfunction definitions with lexical scope. It included recursion. Its syntax was...
instruction. These prologues push several base/frame pointers to allow for nestedfunctions, as required by languages such as Pascal. However, modern versions...
units. gcc cannot inline functions if they are variadic, use alloca use computed goto use nonlocal goto use nestedfunctions use setjmp use __builtin_longjmp...
A nested transaction is a database transaction that is started by an instruction within the scope of an already started transaction. Nested transactions...
sequence of nestedfunctions called - up to the point where the stack trace is generated. In a post-mortem scenario this extends up to the function where the...
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