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NeXTSTEP information


NeXTSTEP
NeXTSTEP graphical user interface
DeveloperNeXT
Written inC, Objective-C
OS familyUnix (4.3BSD-Tahoe)
Working stateHistoric as original code base for macOS, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS and tvOS
Source modelClosed source with some open-source components
Initial releaseSeptember 18, 1989; 34 years ago (1989-09-18)
Final release3.3 / 1995 (1995)
Final preview4.2 Pre-release 2 / September 1997
Marketing targetEnterprise, academia
Package managerInstaller.app
PlatformsMotorola 68030/68040, IA-32, SPARC, PA-RISC
Kernel typeHybrid (Mach, BSD)
UserlandBSD
Default
user interface
Graphical
LicenseProprietary EULA
Succeeded byOpenStep, Darwin, macOS, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, tvOS, GNUstep

NeXTSTEP is a discontinued object-oriented, multitasking operating system based on the Mach kernel and the UNIX-derived BSD. It was developed by NeXT Computer, founded by Steve Jobs, in the late 1980s and early 1990s and was initially used for its range of proprietary workstation computers such as the NeXTcube. It was later ported to several other computer architectures.

Although relatively unsuccessful at the time, it attracted interest from computer scientists and researchers. It hosted the original development of the Electronic AppWrapper,[1] the first commercial electronic software distribution catalog to collectively manage encryption and provide digital rights for application software and digital media, a forerunner of the modern "app store" concept. It is the platform on which Tim Berners-Lee created the first web browser, and on which id Software developed the video games Doom and Quake.[2][3]

In 1996, Apple Computer acquired NeXT. Apple needed a successor to the classic Mac OS, and merged NeXTSTEP and OpenStep with the Macintosh user environment to create Mac OS X. All of Apple's subsequent platforms since iPhone OS 1 were then based on Mac OS X (later renamed macOS).

  1. ^ "Electronic AppWrapper". Kevra.org. Retrieved November 22, 2013.
  2. ^ "Apple-NeXT Merger Birthday!". rome.ro. December 20, 2006. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  3. ^ "GameTales: Cray 6400". rome.ro. January 31, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2019.

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NeXTSTEP

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then based on Mac OS X (later renamed macOS). NeXTSTEP (also stylized as NeXTstep, NeXTStep, and NEXTSTEP) is a combination of several parts: a Unix operating...

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NeXT

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computer innovation. NeXT partnered with Sun Microsystems to create a programming environment called OpenStep, which decoupled the NeXTSTEP operating system's...

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History of the graphical user interface

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look in Windows 95[citation needed]. The NeXTSTEP user interface was used in the NeXT line of computers. NeXTSTEP's first major version was released in 1989...

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NeXT Computer

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and 68882 floating-point coprocessor, with a clock speed of 25 MHz. Its NeXTSTEP operating system is based on the Mach microkernel and BSD-derived Unix...

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Next Step

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Next Step or Nextstep may refer to: NeXTSTEP, a UNIX-based computer operating system developed by NeXT in the 1980s and 1990s OpenStep, an open platform...

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NeXT character set

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The NeXT character set (often aliased as NeXTSTEP encoding vector, WE8NEXTSTEP or next-multinational) was used by the NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP operating systems...

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Architecture of macOS

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later renamed OS X and then macOS, with the acquisition of NeXT's NeXTSTEP in 1997. NeXTSTEP used a hybrid kernel that combined the Mach 2.5 kernel developed...

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Menu bar

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closed-Apple and open-Apple keys of later Apple II keyboards. The NeXTstep OS for the NeXT machines would display a "menu palette", by default at the top...

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GNUstep

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the same as the roots of Cocoa: NeXTSTEP and OpenStep. GNUstep thus predates Cocoa, which emerged when Apple acquired NeXT's technology and incorporated...

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NeXTcube

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workstation runs the NeXTSTEP operating system and was launched with a $7,995 (equivalent to about $19,000 in 2023) list price. The NeXTcube is the successor...

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NeXTstation

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NeXTstation is a high-end workstation computer developed, manufactured and sold by NeXT from 1990 until 1993. It runs the NeXTSTEP operating system. The...

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WorldWideWeb

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and for the NeXTSTEP platform, the program uses many of NeXTSTEP's components – WorldWideWeb's layout engine was built around NeXTSTEP's Text class. WorldWideWeb...

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Fat binary

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distribute a program for NeXTStep running on different architectures. It was also possible to create libraries (e.g. using NeXTStep's libtool) with different...

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OpenStep

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to write code that could run on multiple operating systems, including NeXTSTEP, Windows NT, and various Unix-based systems. It has influenced the development...

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Window Maker

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has been characterized as reproducing "the elegant look and feel of the NeXTSTEP GUI" and is noted as "easy to configure and easy to use." A graphical tool...

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Property list

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In the macOS, iOS, NeXTSTEP, and GNUstep programming frameworks, property list files are files that store serialized objects. Property list files use the...

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MacOS

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to 2001. Its underlying architecture came from NeXT's NeXTSTEP, as a result of Apple's acquisition of NeXT, which also brought Steve Jobs back to Apple...

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MacOS version history

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object-oriented operating system NeXTSTEP had a more lasting legacy as it eventually became the basis for Mac OS X. NeXTSTEP was based on the Mach kernel...

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Operating system

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a co-founder of Apple Inc., started NeXT Computer Inc., which developed the NeXTSTEP operating system. NeXTSTEP would later be acquired by Apple Inc...

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Apple Mail

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Mail grew out of NeXTMail, which was originally developed by NeXT as part of its NeXTSTEP operating system, after Apple's acquisition of NeXT in 1997. The...

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Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships

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Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) is a NASA program using a public-private partnership model that seeks commercial development...

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Avie Tevanian

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known as the Mach Kernel). He leveraged that work at NeXT Inc. as the foundation of the NeXTSTEP operating system. He was senior vice president of software...

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Mac operating systems

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between 1997 and 2001 after Apple's purchase of NeXT. It brought an entirely new architecture based on NeXTSTEP, a Unix system, that eliminated many of the...

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