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Runic alphabet letter
Name
Proto-Germanic
Old English
Old Norse
*Naudiz
Nȳd
Nauðr
"need, hardship"
Shape
Elder Futhark
Futhorc
Younger Futhark
Unicode
ᚾ
U+16BE
ᚾ
U+16BE
ᚿ
U+16BF
Transliteration
n
Transcription
n
IPA
[n]
Position in rune-row
10
8
This article contains runic characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of runes.
*Naudiz is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the n-rune ᚾ, meaning "need, distress". In the Anglo-Saxon futhorc, it is continued as ᚾnyd, in the Younger Futhark as ᚾ, Icelandic naud and Old Norse nauðr. The corresponding Gothic letter is 𐌽 n, named nauþs. The valkyrie Sigrdrífa in Sigrdrífumál talks (to Sigurd) about the rune as a beer-rune and that
"You should learn beer-runes
if you don’t want another man’s wife
to abuse your trust if you have a tryst.
Carve them on the drinking-horn
and on the back of your hand,
and carve the rune ᚾ on your fingernail."
The rune is recorded in all three rune poems:
Rune Poem:[1]
English Translation:
Old Norwegian ᚾ Nauðr gerer næppa koste;
nøktan kælr í froste.
Constraint gives scant choice;
a naked man is chilled by the frost.
Old Icelandic ᚾ Nauð er Þýjar þrá
ok þungr kostr
ok vássamlig verk.
opera niflungr.
Constraint is grief of the bond-maid
and state of oppression
and toilsome work.
Anglo-Saxon ᚾ Nẏd bẏþ nearu on breostan;
ƿeorþeþ hi þeah oft niþa bearnum
to helpe and to hæle gehƿæþre,
gif hi his hlẏstaþ æror.
Trouble is oppressive to the heart;
yet often it proves a source of help and salvation
to the children of men, to everyone who heeds it betimes.
^Original poems and translation from the Rune Poem Page Archived 1999-05-01 at the Wayback Machine.
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