The Native Tobacco Board, or NTB, (later renamed the African Tobacco Board) was formed in Nyasaland in 1926 as a Government-sponsored body with the primary aim of controlling the production of tobacco by African smallholders and generating revenues for the government, and the secondary aim of increasing the volume and quality of tobacco exports. At the time of its formation, much of Nyasaland's tobacco was produced on European-owned estates, whose owners demanded protection against African tobacco production that might compete with their own, and against the possibility that profitable smallholder farming would draw cheap African labour away from their estates. From around 1940, the aim of the NTB was less about restricting African tobacco production and more about generating governmental revenues, supposedly for development but still involving the diversion of resources away from smallholder farming. In 1956, the activities, powers and duties of what had by then been renamed the African Tobacco Board were transferred to the Agricultural Production and Marketing Board, which had powers to buy smallholder surpluses of tobacco, maize, cotton and other crops, but whose producer prices continued to be biased against peasant producers.
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The NativeTobaccoBoard, or NTB, (later renamed the African TobaccoBoard) was formed in Nyasaland in 1926 as a Government-sponsored body with the primary...
Many Native American tribes traditionally grow and use tobacco. Historically, people from the Northeast Woodlands cultures have carried tobacco in pouches...
independent peasant tobacco production in the Southern Province, where most settler estates were located, and it allowed the NativeTobaccoBoard to operate in...
Despite this decline, tobacco still accounted for 65-80% of exports in the years from 1921 to 1932. Formation of a NativeTobaccoBoard in 1926 stimulated...
1936. Despite this decline, tobacco accounted for 65–80% of exports from 1921 to 1932. Formation of a NativeTobaccoBoard in 1926 stimulated the production...
the southern colonies, purchased or captured Native Americans to use as forced labor in cultivating tobacco, rice, and indigo. Accurate records of the numbers...
problem beside the warmer climates the Spanish settlements enjoyed. The nativetobacco from Virginia (Nicotiana rustica) was not liked by the English settlers...
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price that the NativeTobaccoBoard paid for tobacco grown on Native Trust lands. The governor's intention was to reduce the volume of tobacco grown while...
Tobacco Industry in Nyasaland (Part II), p. 35 J McCracken, (1983) Planters, peasants and the colonial state: the impact of the NativeTobaccoBoard in...
Doral, Florida in 2016. In 1888 Jean Villiger founded a small tobacco factory, in his native village of Pfeffikon, Switzerland. He died early in 1902 and...
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produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants (most predominantly in tobacco and Duboisia hopwoodii) and is widely used recreationally as a stimulant...
1983). "Planters, peasants and the colonial state: the impact of the NativeTobaccoBoard in the central province of Malawi". Journal of Southern African Studies...
period also marked a return of the tobacco industry to the Ilocos Region. Ever since the end of the tobacco monopoly, tobacco production had declined in the...
states, at 24.5%. Although federal law prohibits the sale of tobacco to persons under 21, tobacco products can be distributed to persons under 21 by family...
captured Native Americans to be used as forced labor in cultivating tobacco, and, by the 18th century, rice and indigo. To acquire trade goods, Native Americans...
blending with the native upper Southern culture in certain areas of the state. The state is known for bourbon and whiskey distilling, tobacco, horse racing...
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primarily to the production of tobacco, then later cotton and textiles. In 1738–1739, smallpox caused high fatalities among the Native Americans, who had no immunity...
the tobacco trade, the first profitable colonial export. An Order in Council of 24 October 1621 prohibited the Virginia colony to export tobacco and other...
chemically available for absorption by the body. Similarly, Native Americans traditionally chewed tobacco leaves with calcium hydroxide derived from burnt mollusc...
Many Native Americans in the United States have been harmed by, or become addicted to, drinking alcohol. Among contemporary Native Americans and Alaska...