Nanzhuangtou (Chinese: 南莊頭, Nánzhuāngtóu), dated to 12,600–11,300 cal BP[1] or 11,500–11,000 cal BP,[2] roughly 9,500–9,000 BC, or 10,700–9,500 BP,[3] roughly 8,700–7,500 BC, is an Initial Neolithic site[3] near Lake Baiyangdian in Xushui County, Hebei, China. The site was discovered under a peat bog.[4] Over 47 pieces of pottery were discovered at the site. Nanzhuangtou is also the earliest Neolithic site yet discovered in northern China. There is evidence that the people at Nanzhuangtou had domestic dogs 10,000 years ago.[5] Stone grinding slabs and rollers and bone artifacts were also discovered at the site. It is one of the earliest sites showing evidence of millet cultivation dating to 10,500 BP.[2] Pottery can also be dated to 10,200 BP.[1]
The site was discovered in 1986, when a cultural layer of unearthed animal bones, charcoal, and stone tools was discovered. The layer was 180 centimeters below the ground, which is covered with lake deposits such as thick black and gray silt clay. Three archeological excavations have been carried out so far by institutions such as the Department of Archaeology in Peking University, the Department of History in Hebei University, the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics, and other cultural institutions in the city and county level.
The Early Neolithic period (7,000 BC–5,000 BC) succeeds Nanzhuangtou, and is characterized by the rise of farming villages across the alluvial plains of China, as seen in the site of Peiligang.[3]
^ abKuzmin, Yaroslav V. "Chronology of the earliest pottery in East Asia: progress and pitfalls" Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine ANTIQUITY-OXFORD- 80, no. 308 (2006): 362.
^ abXiaoyan Yang, Zhiwei Wan, Linda Perry, Houyuan Lu, Qiang Wang, Chaohong Zhao, Jun Li, Fei Xie, Jincheng Yu, Tianxing Cui, Tao Wang, Mingqi Li, and Quansheng Ge "Early millet use in northern China" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2012 vol 109 (10) pp. 3726–3730.
^ abcLiu, Li (2005). The Chinese Neolithic: Trajectories to Early States. Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 9781139441704.
^The Formation of Chinese Civilization: An Archaeological Perspective, p. 28.
Nanzhuangtou (Chinese: 南莊頭, Nánzhuāngtóu), dated to 12,600–11,300 cal BP or 11,500–11,000 cal BP, roughly 9,500–9,000 BC, or 10,700–9,500 BP, roughly 8...
developed into the bronze ware culture of the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Nanzhuangtou (various datings for beginning and end, between 10600 BC and 7500 BC)...
of charred grains found in early Holocene layers in Hebei province at Nanzhuangtou and Cishan has led scholars to revise the earliest dates associated with...
expanded later to Tamil Nadu. In East Asia, the earliest sites include the Nanzhuangtou culture around 9500–9000 BC, Pengtoushan culture around 7500–6100 BC...
vessel List of Neolithic cultures of China Daxi culture Qujialing culture Nanzhuangtou Crawford 2006, p. 84. Higham 1996, p. 63. Chang 2005, p. 298. Harris...
7000–5000 BC Type site Peiligang Major sites Tanghu, Jiahu Preceded by Nanzhuangtou Culture Followed by Yangshao culture Chinese name Chinese 裴李崗文化 Traditional Chinese...
Hebei, Henan Period Neolithic China Dates 6500–5000 BC Type site Cishan Preceded by Nanzhuangtou Followed by Yangshao culture Chinese name Chinese 磁山文化...
(Paleolithic) 仙人洞、吊桶环遗址 Wannian County, Shangrao, Jiangxi 8500–7700 Nanzhuangtou culture 南莊頭遺址 Yellow River region in southern Hebei 7500–6100 Pengtoushan...
patron gods of abundant harvests, like Lai Cho. In northern China, the Nanzhuangtou culture on the middle Yellow River around Hebei (c. 8500–7700 BC) had...
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