The Nabucco pipeline (also referred as Turkey–Austria gas pipeline) was a failed natural gas pipeline project from Erzurum, Turkey to Baumgarten an der March, Austria to diversify natural gas suppliers and delivery routes for Europe. The pipeline was to lessen European dependence on Russian energy. The project was backed by several European Union states and the United States and was seen as rival to the Gazprom-Eni South Stream pipeline project. The main supplier was to be Iraq with potential supplies from Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Egypt.[1]
The project was developed by a consortium of six companies. Preparations started in 2002 and the intergovernmental agreement between Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Austria was signed on 13 July 2009. After an announcement of the construction of TANAP, the consortium submitted the Nabucco-West project, which was to run from the Turkish-Bulgarian border to Austria.[2][3] It was a modification of the original Nabucco Pipeline project. The main supply for Nabucco-West was to be the Shah Deniz gas through the now operational Trans-Anatolian Pipeline (TANAP).[4] After the Shah Deniz consortium decided to prefer the Trans-Adriatic Pipeline over Nabucco, the Nabucco pipeline plan was finally aborted in June 2013.[5]
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"Nabucco venture sees Iraq as top supplier". Hürriyet Daily News and Economic Review. 30 September 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
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Socor, Vladimir (23 May 2012). ""Nabucco-West": Abridged Pipeline Project Officially Submitted to Shah Deniz Consortium". Eurasia Daily Monitor. Vol. 9, no. 98. The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
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Socor, Vladimir (11 May 2012). "Nabucco-West in Synergy with Trans-Anatolia Project". Eurasia Daily Monitor. Vol. 9, no. 90. The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
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"Joint declaration of Nabucco Shareholders, NIC, Potential Investors and Shah Deniz Consortium". Nabucco Gas Pipeline International GmbH (NIC). Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
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"NABUCCO: Shah Deniz II Decision a Setback for Planned European Gas Highway". Publics.bg. 28 June 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
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