NGC 2360 (also known as Caroline's Cluster[3] or Caldwell 58) is an open cluster in the constellation Canis Major. It was discovered on 26 February 1783[4] by Caroline Herschel, who described it as a "beautiful cluster of pretty compressed stars near 1/2 degree in diameter".[5] Her notes were overlooked until her brother William included the cluster in his 1786 catalogue of 1000 clusters and nebulae and acknowledged her as the discoverer.[4] The cluster lies 3.5 degrees east of Gamma Canis Majoris and less than one degree northwest of the eclipsing binary star R Canis Majoris; it has a combined apparent magnitude of 7.2.[5] It is 13 arc minutes in diameter.[2] By the western edge of the cluster is the unrelated star, 5.5-magnitude HD 56405.[6]
American astronomer Olin J. Eggen surveyed the cluster in 1968, concluding that the brightest star in the field, magnitude-8.96 HD 56847, is likely to lie in the field and not a true member of the cluster. He also identified one or possibly two blue stragglers.[7] These are unexpectedly hot and luminous stars that appear younger than surrounding stars, and have likely developed by sucking matter off companion stars.[8] Four are now recognised to be in the cluster.[9] By analysing the masses of the smallest stars that have evolved into red giants—namely, stars of 1.8 or 1.9 solar masses—Swiss astronomers Jean-Claude Mermilliod and Michel Mayor were able to date the age of the cluster at 2.2 billion years.[10] The cluster has a diameter of around 15 light-years and is located 3700 light-years from Earth.[5]
Sirius and M41 (lower right), M50 (upper left), and NGC 2360 (lower left)
^ ab"Results for NGC 2360". NGC/IC Project Database. Archived from the original on 2012-05-20. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
^ abc"SEDS Online NGC Database". Results for NGC 2360. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
^ abc"NGC 2360". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
^ abHoskin, Michael (2005). "Caroline Herschel as observer" (PDF). Journal for the History of Astronomy. 36 (4): 373–406. Bibcode:2005JHA....36..373H. doi:10.1177/002182860503600402. S2CID 118428465.
^ abcO'Meara, Stephen James (2002). The Caldwell Objects. Cambridge University Press. pp. 231–33. ISBN 978-0-521-82796-6.
^Streicher, Magda (April 2006). "Caroline Herschel's Deepsky Discoveries" (PDF). Deepsky Delights. The Astronomical Society of Southern Africa. pp. 234–36. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
^Eggen, Olin J. (1968). "The Intermediate-Age Cluster NGC 2360" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 152: 83–87. Bibcode:1968ApJ...152...83E. doi:10.1086/149526.
^Fellman, Megan (17 October 2011). "Astronomers Explain 'Blue Stragglers'". News. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
^Ahumada, J. A.; Lapasset, E. (2007). "New catalogue of blue stragglers in open clusters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 463 (2): 789–97. Bibcode:2007A&A...463..789A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054590.
^Mermilliod, Jean-Claude; Mayor, Michel (1990). "Red Giants in Open Clusters. III – Binarity and Stellar Evolution in Five Intermediate-age Clusters: NGC 2360, 2423, 5822, 6811, and IC 4756" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 273 (1): 61–72. Bibcode:1990A&A...237...61M.
NGC2360 (also known as Caroline's Cluster or Caldwell 58) is an open cluster in the constellation Canis Major. It was discovered on 26 February 1783 by...
member stars visible with binoculars. Located around 30' northeast of NGC2360, NGC 2359 (Thor's Helmet or the Duck Nebula) is a relatively bright emission...
Herschel on the Moon is named after her. The open clusters NGC2360 (Caroline's Cluster) and NGC 7789 (Caroline's Rose) are unofficially nicknamed in her...
objects, such as the Hyades, the Double Cluster (NGC 869 and NGC 884), and the Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253). The Messier catalogue was actually compiled...
photometric search for peculiar stars in open clusters. V. NGC 2099, NGC 3114, NGC 6204, NGC 6705 and NGC 6756". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 412 (3): 721–725...
chemically peculiar stars. Sirius and M41 (lower right), M50 (upper left), and NGC2360 (lower left) Messier 50 is found 8° north and 3° east of Sirius List of...
Blanco. Caroline's Cluster (NGC2360) is an open cluster in Canis Major, named after Caroline Herschel. Caroline's Rose (NGC 7789) is an open cluster in...
in an 8" telescope Sirius and M41 (lower right), M50 (upper left), and NGC2360 (lower left) M41 finder chart Open cluster M41 taken from a 12-inch Dobson...
involved some significant events: February 26 – Caroline Herschel discovers NGC2360. May – John Goodricke presents his conclusions that the variable star Algol...
II Program. The catalogue contains 400 objects. All objects are from the NGC. All objects are visible in mid northern latitudes, since they were all observed...
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not be confused with the 9th magnitude variable star MU CMa located near NGC2360. van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy...
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NGC 2362, also known as Caldwell 64, is an open cluster of stars in the southern constellation of Canis Major. It was discovered by the Italian court...
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visual magnitude of 5.45. To the east of HD 56405 is the open cluster NGC2360, also known as Caroline's Cluster. The distance to HD 56405, as determined...
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galaxies. List of NGC objects (1–1000) List of NGC objects (1001–2000) List of NGC objects (2001–3000) List of NGC objects (3001–4000) List of NGC objects (4001–5000)...
confused with NGC 246, which is also nicknamed the "Skull Nebula." The complex has the following New General Catalogue (NGC) designations: NGC 2237 – Part...
been treated as the designation of a star, or of the central star cluster NGC 2070, but is now generally treated as referring to the whole nebula area...
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