Term used among Jewish prisoners in Nazi concentration camps during World War II
Not to be confused with Mussulman.
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Muselmann (German plural Muselmänner) was a term used amongst prisoners of German Nazi concentration camps during the Holocaust of World War II to refer to those suffering from a combination of starvation (known also as "hunger disease") and exhaustion, as well as those who were resigned to their impending death.[1][2] The Muselmann prisoners exhibited severe emaciation and physical weakness, an apathetic listlessness regarding their own fate, and unresponsiveness to their surroundings owing to their barbaric treatment.[3]
Photograph of inmates at the Buchenwald concentration camp following its liberation, 16 April 1945
Some scholars argue that the term possibly comes from the Muselmanns' inability to stand for any time due to the loss of leg muscle, thus leading them to spend much of their time in a prone position.[4] Muselmann also literally means "a Muslim" in Yiddish and a number of other languages (albeit with spelling differences), and ultimately derives from the Old Turkish word for Muslim, مسلمان (müsliman).
^Cite error: The named reference levi was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Danuta Czech (1996). Auschwitz: Nazi Death Camp. Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum. ISBN 978-83-85047-56-8.
^Muselmann definition Johannes Kepler University of Linz, official website. Institut für Sozial und Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Retrieved 30 November 2010
^Muselmann definition (PDF) Yad Vashem, official website. Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies. Retrieved 30 November 2010
Muselmann (German plural Muselmänner) was a term used amongst prisoners of German Nazi concentration camps during the Holocaust of World War II to refer...
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