Global InformationMurals of Los Angeles information
Greater Los Angeles, California, is home to thousands of murals, earning it the nickname "the mural capital of the world" or "the mural capital of America."[a][7][8][9][10][11] The city's mural culture began and proliferated throughout the 20th century.[12] Murals in Los Angeles often reflect the social and political movements of their time and highlight cultural symbols representative of Southern California.[13] In particular, murals in Los Angeles have been influenced by the Chicano art movement and the culture of Los Angeles.[7][13] Murals are considered a distinctive form of public art in Los Angeles, often associated with street art, billboards, and contemporary graffiti.[14][15]
From 2002 to 2013, Los Angeles had a moratorium on the creation of new murals in the city, stemming from legal conflicts regarding large-scale commercial out-of-home advertising, primarily billboards.[16][17]: 237 The ban was lifted with the passing of LA Ordinance No. 182706, known as the mural ordinance.[18][19] Mural registration is administered through the City of Los Angeles Department of Cultural Affairs.[20] Because of the large number of murals throughout the city, numerous programs exist for their preservation and documentation, including the Mural Conservancy of Los Angeles, the Getty Conservation Institute, and others.[21][22]
- ^ Swartz, Kirsten Lee (19 March 1992). "Laguna Artist's Big Mural Stirs Debate in Long Beach: Art: Robert Wyland's 'Planet Ocean' is planned as the world's largest such work. But critics say it's out of bounds at arena". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Canalis, John (21 April 2009). "Artist Wyland gives Long Beach the world". Press-Telegram.
- ^ "Wyland Ocean Mural at Long Beach Convention Center Gets Fresh Paint". California Diving News. 29 April 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
- ^ "Wyland California Whaling Wall List". SeeCalifornia.com. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
- ^ "L.A.'s street murals disappearing". Los Angeles Daily News. 21 October 2007.
- ^ Hendricks, Karen (31 May 2022). "Mural Mecca: How Philadelphia became "mural capital of the world."". The Burg.
- ^ a b Sperling Cockcroft, E.; Barnet-Sánchez, H. (1993). "Introduction". Signs from the Heart: California Chicano Murals. UNM Press. pp. 5–21. ISBN 9780826314482.
- ^ Sperling Cockcroft, E. (1993). "From Barrio to Mainstream: The Panorama of Latino Art". In Esteva-Fabregat, C.; Lomeli, F.; Kanellos, N. (eds.). Handbook of Hispanic Cultures in the United States: Literature and Art. Arte Publico Press. pp. 192–217. ISBN 9781611921632.
- ^ Morrison, Patt (5 April 1998). "Defending the Mural Capital of America". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Tannenbaum, Barbara (26 May 2002). "Art/Architecture; Where Miles of Murals Preach a People's Gospel". The New York Times.
- ^ Graham, Jordan (8 September 2014). "A guide to the Mural Capital of the World". The Orange County Register.
- ^ Nodal, Adolfo V. (1993). "Foreword". Street Gallery: Guide to 1000 Los Angeles Murals. RJD Enterprises. pp. V–VI. ISBN 0-9632862-1-8.
- ^ a b Dunitz, Robin J. (1993). "Introduction". Street Gallery: Guide to 1000 Los Angeles Murals. RJD Enterprises. pp. 1–4. ISBN 0-9632862-1-8.
- ^ Bloch, Stefano (2012). The Changing Face of Wall Space: Graffiti-Murals in the Context of Neighborhood Change in Los Angeles (PhD). University of Minnesota. hdl:11299/179789.
- ^ Sánchez-Tranquilino, M. (2019). "27. Space, Power, and Youth Culture: Mexican American Graffiti and Chicano Murals in East Los Angeles, 1972–1978". In González, J.A.; Ondine Chavoya, C.; Noriega, C.; Romo, T. (eds.). Chicano and Chicana Art: A Critical Anthology. pp. 278–291. doi:10.1515/9781478003403-038. ISBN 9781478003403. S2CID 240860948.
- ^ Berg, Nate (22 March 2012). "The Convoluted Path to Ending Los Angeles's Mural Ban". Bloomberg.
- ^ Davalos, K.M. (2017). "Notes". Chicana/o Remix: Art and Errata Since the Sixties. NYU Press. ISBN 9781479877966.
- ^ Los Angeles City Council (2013). "Ordinance No. 182706" (PDF). Los Angeles City Planning.
- ^ Bjorgum, E. (January 2014). "Los Angeles Gets a New Mural Ordinance". Los Angeles Lawyer. 36 (10): 36.
- ^ "Frequently asked questions". Department of Cultural Affairs, City of Los Angeles. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
- ^ Arnold, Shayna Rose (26 December 2014). "Isabel Rojas-Williams is on a Mission to Save L.A.'s Street Art". Los Angeles Magazine.
- ^ Migdol, Erin; Brooks, Julian; Rainer, Leslie; Baca, Judith F. (24 August 2022). "How Do You Keep a Mural Alive?". Getty.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).