Mount Kitanglad is an inactive volcano[9] located in the Kitanglad Mountain Range in Bukidnon province on Mindanao island. It is the fourth highest mountain in the Philippines and has an approximate height of 2,899 metres (9,511 ft).[Note 1] It is located between Malaybalay City and the municipalities of Lantapan, Impasugong, Sumilao, and Libona. It is home to one of the Philippines' few remaining rainforests.[10]
The name "Kitanglad" was derived from a legend that there was once a great flood that submerged the native lands of Bukidnon and only the tip of the mountain, the size of a "tanglad" (lemon grass), remained visible ("kita" in Visayan). It is considered as an ancestral domain of several old cultural communities like the Bukidnons, Higaonons and Talaandigs.
Mount Kitanglad was proclaimed a protected area under the natural park category through Presidential Proclamation 896 dated October 24, 1996.[11] On November 9, 2000, Mount Kitanglad finally became a full-fledged protected area when Congress approved Republic Act 8978 also known as the "Mt. Kitanglad Range Protected Area Act of 2000."[12]
In 2009, Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) was declared as an ASEAN Heritage Park.[13]
Mount Kitanglad is recognized for its cultural and biological diversity. It is part of the ancestral domain of three major Indigenous groups: the Talaandig, Higaonon, and Bukidnon peoples.[14]
Mount Kitanglad hosts over 600 rare and endemic species, including the Philippine tarsier and the Rafflesia schadenbergiana, the world's second largest flower.[14] It is a nesting place for the critically endangered Philippine eagle.[15] Other endemic species that are found here are the pygmy fruit bat Alionycteris paucidentata and two native mice, Katanglad shrew-mouse and Gray-bellied mountain rat.[10]
Indigenous communities are working to have Mount Kitanglad recognized as Indigenous peoples' and community conserved territories and areas to enforce Indigenous customary rules on the mountain range.[16]
Due to its high elevation, several communications and broadcasting companies constructed relay stations at the summit.
^"Mt. Kitanglad (2,899+)" PinoyMountaineer.com. Retrieved March 11, 2012.
^A. Townsend Peterson; Thomas Brooks; Anita Gamauf; Juan Carlos T. Gonzalez; Neil Aldrin D. Mallari; Guy Dutson; Sarah E. Bush; Dale H. Clayton & Renato Fernandez (2008). "The Avifauna of Mt. Kitanglad, Bukidnon Province, Mindanao, Philippines" (PDF). Fieldiana Zoology (114). Field Museum of Natural History: 1–43 [2]. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 2, 2009. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
^Agnes C. Rola, Antonio T. Sumbalan & Vellorimo J. Suminguit (2004). Realities of the Watershed Management Approach: The Manupali Watershed Experience(PDF). Discussion Paper Series No. 2004-23. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. p. 4 (note 6).
^"Mount Katanglad". Peakery.com. Archived from the original on November 23, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
^"Mount Katanglad, Philippines". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
^"PHILIPPINES MOUNTAINS : 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater". Peaklist.org. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
^"Mount Dulang-dulang, Philippines" Peakagger.com. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
^"Mt. Kitanglad" Peakbagger.com. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
^PHIVOLCS' List of Inactive Volcanoes Archived May 15, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
^ ab"The spirits, flora, fauna thrive in Mount Kitanglad". MindaNews. December 15, 2010. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^"Proclamation No. 896, s. 1996". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on March 8, 2019. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
^"R.A. No. 8978: An Act Declaring the Mt. Kitanglad Range in the Province of Bukidnon as a Protected Area and its Peripheral Areas as Buffer Zones, Providing for its Management and for Other Purposes". The Corpus Juris. November 9, 2000. Archived from the original on August 2, 2018. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
^De Vera, Ellalyn B. (November 2, 2009). "Mount Kitanglad named an ASEAN Heritage Park". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved April 29, 2010.
^ ab"Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park". Forest Management Bureau.
^Panlilio, Cai (October 7, 2013). "Tribal folk guard sacred Mount Kitanglad". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^"Proclamation of Mt. Kitanglad (The Philippines) as an ICCA". ICCA Consortium. September 5, 2013. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
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