Morning Heroes is a choral symphony by the English composer Arthur Bliss. The work received its first performance at the Norwich Festival on 22 October 1930, with Basil Maine as the speaker/orator.[1] Written in the aftermath of World War I, in which Bliss had performed military service,[2] Bliss inscribed the dedication as follows:
"To the Memory of my brother Francis Kennard Bliss and all other Comrades killed in battle"
The work sets various poems:[3][4]
Homer, The Iliad, passages from Book VI (translation of W Leaf) and Book XIX (translation of Chapman)
Walt Whitman, "Drum Taps"
Wilfred Owen, "Spring Offensive"
Li Tai Po
Robert Nichols, "Dawn on the Somme"
The extracts are spoken by a narrator and sung by a large choir. Juxtaposing the harsh images of trench warfare with the epic heroes of Ancient Greece, the parallels Bliss draws are essentially romantic, and the work as a whole has been criticised as being rather complacent.[5] Bliss himself said that he suffered from a repeating nightmare about his war experiences and that the composition of Morning Heroes helped to exorcise this.[6][7]
^F.B. (1 December 1930). "The Norwich Festival". The Musical Times. 71 (1054). The Musical Times, Vol. 71, No. 1054: 1081–1082. doi:10.2307/914304. JSTOR 914304.
^Burn, Andrew (August 1991). "Rebel to Romantic: The Music of Arthur Bliss". The Musical Times. 132 (1782). The Musical Times, Vol. 132, No. 1782: 383–386. doi:10.2307/965884. JSTOR 965884.
^Butcher, A.V. (April 1947). "Walt Whitman and the English Composer". Music & Letters. 28 (2): 154–167. doi:10.1093/ml/XXVIII.2.154. JSTOR 855527.
^H.G. (1 October 1930). "Morning Heroes: A New Symphony by Arthur Bliss". The Musical Times. 71 (1052). The Musical Times, Vol. 71, No. 1052: 881–886. doi:10.2307/916872. JSTOR 916872.
^Penguin Guide to Classical Music
^Cite error: The named reference Burn2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Palmer, Christopher (August 1971). "Aspects of Bliss". The Musical Times. 112 (1542). The Musical Times, Vol. 112, No. 1542: 743–745. doi:10.2307/954592. JSTOR 954592.
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