Moral emotions are a variety of social emotions that are involved in forming and communicating moral judgments and decisions, and in motivating behavioral responses to one's own and others' moral behavior.[1][2][3] As defined by Jonathan Haidt, moral emotions "are linked to the interests or welfare either of a society as a whole or at least of persons other than the judge or agent".[4] A person may not always have clear words to articulate, yet simultaneously, that same person knows it to be true deep down inside.
Some different moral emotions include disgust, shame, pride, anger, guilt, compassion, and gratitude,[5] and help to provide people with the power and energy to do good and avoid doing bad.[4] Moral emotions are linked to a person's conscience - these are the emotions that make up a conscience and promote learning the difference between right and wrong, good and bad, virtuous and evil.
When it comes to moral emotions, there are a lot of things that have changed in recent years. This is largely due to the fact that part of moral emotions is based on society's interpretation of things. While it is true that many of these emotions are based on the absolute truths of morality, this is only but a part of what moral emotions are about. The full spectrum of what moral emotions entail also includes emotions based on the narratives of what people teach. Much of this leads people to make their own choices in life, through a process formally known as "moral decision-making". This is something that influences people every day, without most people ever even realizing it.[6]
^Pizarro, David A. (2007). "Moral Emotions". In Baumeister, Roy F; Vohs, Kathleen D (eds.). Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 588–589. doi:10.4135/9781412956253.n350. ISBN 9781412956253.
^Haidt, Jonathan (2003). "The Moral Emotions" (PDF). In Davidson, Richard; Scherer, Klaus; Goldsmith, H. (eds.). Handbook of Affective Sciences. Oxford University Press. pp. 855. ISBN 978-0-19-512601-3.
^Tangney, June Price; Stuewig, Jeff; Mashek, Debra J. (January 2007). "Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior" (PDF). Annual Review of Psychology. 58 (1): 345–372. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145. PMC 3083636. PMID 16953797. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
^ abTangney, June Price; Stuewig, Jeff; Mashek, Debra J. (1 January 2007). "Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior". Annual Review of Psychology. 58 (1): 345–372. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145. ISSN 0066-4308. PMC 3083636. PMID 16953797.
^Walsh, Elena (2021), "Moral Emotions", in Shackelford, Todd K.; Weekes-Shackelford, Viviana A. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 5209–5216, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_650, ISBN 978-3-319-19650-3, S2CID 264100209, archived from the original on 16 October 2023, retrieved 22 June 2023
^Wang, Dawei; Kong, Xiangwei; Nie, Xinxiao; Shang, Yuxi; Xu, Shike; He, Yingwei; Maguire, Phil; Hu, Yixin (17 November 2021). "The effects of emotion and social consensus on moral decision-making". Ethics & Behavior. 31 (8): 575–588. doi:10.1080/10508422.2020.1830404. ISSN 1050-8422. S2CID 225170770. Archived from the original on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
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