Minor losses in pipe flow are a major part in calculating the flow, pressure, or energy reduction in piping systems. Liquid moving through pipes carries momentum and energy due to the forces acting upon it such as pressure and gravity. Just as certain aspects of the system can increase the fluids energy, there are components of the system that act against the fluid and reduce its energy, velocity, or momentum. Friction and minor losses in pipes are major contributing factors.[1][2][3][4]
^"Losses in Pipes". my.me.queensu.ca. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
^Anderson, Gunther; Ryan Barr; Risa Benvega. "Minor Losses" (PDF). Retrieved 23 January 2017.
^"Head Loss in Piping Systems - TechInfo". www.hydromatic.com. Retrieved 2017-01-22.
^"Objectives_template". nptel.ac.in. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
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