The Miniballexperiment is a gamma-ray spectroscopy setup regularly located in the ISOLDE facility at CERN, along with other locations including GSI, Cologne, PSI and RIKEN (HiCARI).[1][2][3][4] Miniball is a high-resolution germanium detector array, specifically designed to work with low-intensity radioactive ion beams (RIB) post-accelerated by HIE-ISOLDE (High Intensity and Energy-ISOLDE), to analyse the decays of short-lived nuclei with the capability of Doppler correction. The array has been used for successful Coulomb-excitation and transfer-reaction experiments with exotic RIBs. Results from Miniball experiments have been used to determine and probe nuclear structure.[5]
Miniball has been operational at the REX-ISOLDE (Radioactive ion beam EXperiment-ISOLDE) post accelerator at CERN since 2001.[6] In 2015, it became part of the HIE-ISOLDE project, connected via the XT01 beamline.[7] It was the first fully operational spectrometer to determine gamma-ray position using germanium detectors and pulse shape analysis.[8]
^Reiter, P.; Eberth, J.; Faust, H.; Franchoo, S.; Gerl, J.; Gund, C.; Habs, D.; Huyse, M.; Jungclaus, A.; Lieb, K. P.; Scheit, H.; Schwalm, D.; Thomas, H. G.; van Duppen, P.; Weisshaar, D. (2002-04-22). "The MINIBALL array". Nuclear Physics A. 5th International Conference on Radioactive Nuclear Beams. 701 (1): 209–212. Bibcode:2002NuPhA.701..209R. doi:10.1016/S0375-9474(01)01576-7. ISSN 0375-9474.
^Wimmer, K; Doornenbal, P; Aoi, N; Baba, H; Browne, F; Campbell, C; Crawford, H; De Witte, H; Fransen, C; Hess, H; Iwazaki, S; Kim, J; Kohda, A; Koiwai, T; et al. (2021). "HiCARI: High-resolution Cluster Array at RIBF" (PDF). RIKEN Accelerator Progress Report. 54.
^Warr, N.; Van de Walle, J.; Albers, M.; Ames, F.; Bastin, B.; Bauer, C.; Bildstein, V.; Blazhev, A.; Bönig, S.; Bree, N.; Bruyneel, B.; Butler, P. A.; Cederkäll, J.; Clément, E.; Cocolios, T. E. (March 2013). "The Miniball spectrometer". The European Physical Journal A. 49 (3): 40. Bibcode:2013EPJA...49...40W. doi:10.1140/epja/i2013-13040-9. ISSN 1434-6001.
^Reiter, P.; Warr, N. (2020-07-01). "Nuclear structure studies with re-accelerated beams at REX-and HIE-ISOLDE". Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. 113: 103767. Bibcode:2020PrPNP.11303767R. doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2020.103767. ISSN 0146-6410. S2CID 213422435.
^Borge, M. J. G.; Riisager, K. (2016-11-17). "HIE-ISOLDE, the project and the physics opportunities". The European Physical Journal A. 52 (11): 334. Bibcode:2016EPJA...52..334B. doi:10.1140/epja/i2016-16334-4. ISSN 1434-601X. S2CID 254112292.
^Schwalm, D. (March 2005), "First Experiments with Rex-Isolde and Miniball", Key Topics in Nuclear Structure, World Scientific, pp. 21–34, Bibcode:2005ktns.conf...21S, doi:10.1142/9789812702265_0003, ISBN 978-981-256-093-3, retrieved 2023-08-02
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