British and Dutch civilian limited-purpose aircraft carriers used in WWII
MV Rapana, an oil tanker converted into a merchant aircraft carrier (MAC). MACs were introduced to provide air cover for convoys until sufficient escort carriers became available to replace them.
v
t
e
Atlantic campaign
Americas
United States
Caribbean
St. Lawrence
Northern Barrage
Blockade of Germany
Gibraltar
1939
River Plate
1940
HX 47
HX 49
1st Happy Time
HX 65
SC 2
HX 72
SC 7
HX 79
HX 84
Nordseetour
HX 90
1941
SC 19
SC 20
Berlin
HX 106
HG 53
OB 293
HX 112
4 April
OB 318
HX 126
Rheinübung
Denmark Strait
Bismarck
HX 133
OG 69
OG 71
SC 42
HG 73
SC 48
HX 156
HG 76
1942
Postmaster
2nd Happy Time
Torpedo Alley
SC 67
Neuland
ON 67
27 March
OG 82
ON 92
6 June
HG 84
SL 78
QS 15
ON 113
ON 115
SC 94
ON 122
Bell Island
QS 33
ON 127
Laconia
SQ 36
SC 100
SG 6/LN 6
SC 104
HX 212
SL 125
SC 107
ON 144
ON 153
ON 154
1943
TM 1
SG 19
SC 118
ON 166
UC 1
SC 121
HX 228
UGS 6
HX 229/SC 122
HX 231
Black May
ONS 5
HX 237
SC 129
SC 130
Faith
ONS 18/ON 202
SC 143
ONS 20/ON 206
Sept-Îles
ON 207
SL 138/MKS 28
SL 139/MKS 30
SL 140/MKS 31
Stonewall
Bay of Biscay
1944
Lyme Bay
26 April 1944
Capture of U-505
HX 300
WEP 3
BX 141
1945
Teardrop
Point Judith
5–6 May 1945
7–8 May 1945
A merchant aircraft carrier (also known as a MAC ship, the Admiralty's official 'short name')[1] was a limited-purpose aircraft carrier operated under British and Dutch civilian registry during World War II. MAC ships were adapted by adding a flight deck to a bulk grain ship or oil tanker enabling it to operate anti-submarine aircraft in support of Allied convoys during the Battle of the Atlantic.
Despite their quasi-military function, MAC ships retained their mercantile status, continued to carry cargo and operated under civilian command. MAC ships entered service from May 1943 when they began to supplement and supplant escort carriers, and remained operational until the end of the war in Europe.
^Jones, Ben (2018). The Fleet Air Arm in the Second World War, Volume 2. Navy Records Society/Routledge. p. 400. ISBN 978-1-351-13087-5.
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