Launch of the Amcross at the Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation in Chester, Pennsylvania, November 28, 1919
Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation
Company type
Private
Industry
Manufacturing
Predecessor
Chester Shipbuilding Co.
Founded
1917
Founder
W. Averell Harriman
Defunct
1923
Successor
Ford Assembly Plant
Headquarters
Chester, Pennsylvania
,
United States
Products
Ships
Owner
W. Averell Harriman
Launch of the Amcross at Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation as seen from the docks
40°06′11″N74°50′30″W / 40.103186°N 74.841773°W / 40.103186; -74.841773
The Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation (abbreviated MSC) was an American corporation established in 1917 by railroad heir W. Averell Harriman to build merchant ships for the Allied war effort in World War I. The MSC operated two shipyards: the former shipyard of John Roach & Sons at Chester, Pennsylvania, and a second, newly established emergency yard at Bristol, Pennsylvania, operated by the MSC on behalf of the U.S. Shipping Board's Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC).
MSC completed only four ships before the war's end. However, both the U.S. Shipping Board and Harriman himself anticipated a shipbuilding boom in the postwar period, and consequently MSC continued to work on its wartime contracts, eventually building some 81 ships, including not only the USSB vessels but also four minesweepers for the U.S. Navy, a number of oil tankers for private companies, and four passenger liners Harriman built for his own shipping lines.
Both Harriman and the USSB were completely incorrect in their anticipation of a postwar shipbuilding boom, and by the early 1920s there was such an excess of shipping around the world that over 1,000 ships were laid up in ports in the United States. With no market for its services, Harriman wound up the Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation in 1923.
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