In the mathematical theory of compact Lie groups a special role is played by torus subgroups, in particular by the maximal torus subgroups.
A torus in a compact Lie group G is a compact, connected, abelian Lie subgroup of G (and therefore isomorphic to[1] the standard torus Tn). A maximal torus is one which is maximal among such subgroups. That is, T is a maximal torus if for any torus T′ containing T we have T = T′. Every torus is contained in a maximal torus simply by dimensional considerations. A noncompact Lie group need not have any nontrivial tori (e.g. Rn).
The dimension of a maximal torus in G is called the rank of G. The rank is well-defined since all maximal tori turn out to be conjugate. For semisimple groups the rank is equal to the number of nodes in the associated Dynkin diagram.
Lie groups a special role is played by torus subgroups, in particular by the maximaltorus subgroups. A torus in a compact Lie group G is a compact, connected...
In mathematics, an algebraic torus, where a one dimensional torus is typically denoted by G m {\displaystyle \mathbf {G} _{\mathbf {m} }} , G m {\displaystyle...
is called a torus of revolution, also known as a ring torus. If the axis of revolution is tangent to the circle, the surface is a horn torus. If the axis...
torus theorem which states that every element of K {\displaystyle K} belongs to a maximaltorus and that all maximal tori are conjugate. The maximal torus...
given a torus T < G (which need not be maximal), the Weyl group with respect to that torus is defined as the quotient of the normalizer of the torus N = N(T)...
{h}}} may be taken as the complexification of the Lie algebra of a maximaltorus of the compact group. If g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} is a linear...
contains a split maximaltorus T over k (that is, a split torus in G whose base change to k ¯ {\displaystyle {\overline {k}}} is a maximaltorus in G k ¯ {\displaystyle...
algebraically closed) field k {\displaystyle k} is the centralizer of a maximaltorus. Cartan subgroups are smooth (equivalently reduced), connected and nilpotent...
For a linear algebraic group G, a maximaltorus in G means a torus in G that is not contained in any bigger torus. For example, the group of diagonal...
with a, b, c, d real and ad − bc = 1. A maximal compact connected abelian Lie subgroup, or maximaltorus T, is given by the subset of all matrices of...
is a Borel subgroup of G W is a Weyl group of G corresponding to a maximaltorus of B. The Bruhat decomposition of G is the decomposition G = B W B =...
Here the group B is a Borel subgroup and N is the normalizer of a maximaltorus contained in B. The notion was introduced by Armand Borel, who played...
that K contains a maximaltorus of H, so has maximal rank. On the other hand, the centralizer of the subgroup generated by the torus S of elements exp...
Stated another way, a torus embedded in R3 is an asymmetric reduced-dimension projection of the maximally symmetric Clifford torus embedded in R4. The relationship...
semisimple element, say x; the linear span of x is then a toral subalgebra. Maximaltorus, in the theory of Lie groups Humphreys 1972, Ch. II, § 8.1. Proof (from...
representations if and only if it has the same rank as a maximal compact subgroup K. In other words, a maximaltorus T in K must be a Cartan subgroup in G. (This...
classes) were reflections of the classical linear groups and their maximaltorus structure. What is more, the Chern class itself was not so new, having...
is the standard one-dimensional torus. In O(2n) and SO(2n), for every maximaltorus, there is a basis on which the torus consists of the block-diagonal...
a maximaltorus in the general linear group (and are their own centralizer), the generalized permutation matrices are the normalizer of this torus, and...
orthogonal circles that do not twist around each other, and so form a maximaltorus within the Lie group, corresponding to a collection of R mutually-commuting...
algebraic torus (which is not necessarily compact, in contrast to a complex torus). A k-torus is a torus defined over k. The centralizer of a maximaltorus is...
over an algebraically closed field K {\displaystyle K} with a split maximaltorus T {\displaystyle T} then its root datum is a quadruple ( X ∗ , Φ , X...
Semisimple Lie algebra Root system Simply laced group ADE classification Maximaltorus Weyl group Dynkin diagram Weyl character formula Representation of a...