Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1685 to 1688
This article is about the British queen consort. For the wife of Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma, see Maria d'Este.
Mary of Modena
Portrait by Godfrey Kneller, c. 1687
Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland
Tenure
6 February 1685 – 11 December 1688
Coronation
23 April 1685
Born
(1658-10-05)5 October 1658 Ducal Palace, Modena, Duchy of Modena and Reggio
Died
7 May 1718(1718-05-07) (aged 59) Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Paris, France
Burial
Convent of the Visitations, Chaillot, France
Spouse
James II of England
(m. 1673; died 1701)
Issue among others
Isabel Stuart
Charles, Duke of Cambridge
James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales
Louisa Maria Stuart
Names
Maria Beatrice Eleonora Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este
House
Este
Father
Alfonso IV, Duke of Modena
Mother
Laura Martinozzi
Religion
Catholicism
Signature
Mary of Modena (Italian: Maria Beatrice Eleonora Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este;[1] 5 October [O.S. 25 September] 1658 – 7 May [O.S. 26 April] 1718) was Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland as the second wife of James II and VII. A devout Catholic, Mary married the widower James, who was then the younger brother and heir presumptive of Charles II.[2] She was devoted to James and their children, two of whom survived to adulthood: the Jacobite claimant to the thrones, James Francis Edward, and Louisa Maria Teresa.[3]
Born a princess of the northwestern Italian Duchy of Modena, Mary is primarily remembered for the controversial birth of James Francis Edward, her only surviving son. It was widely rumoured that he was smuggled into the birth chamber in a warming pan in order to perpetuate her husband's Catholic Stuart dynasty. James Francis Edward's birth was a contributing factor to the "Glorious Revolution", the revolution which deposed James II and VII, and replaced him with Mary II, a Protestant, James II's eldest daughter from his first marriage to Anne Hyde (1637–1671). Mary II and her husband, William III of Orange, would reign jointly over all three kingdoms.
Mary went into exile in France, being known as the "Queen over the water" among the Jacobites. She lived with her husband and children at Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, provided by King Louis XIV. Mary was popular among Louis's courtiers; James, however, was considered a bore. In widowhood, Mary spent time with the nuns at the Convent of Chaillot, frequently during summers with her daughter, Louisa Maria Teresa. In 1701, when James II died, young James Francis Edward, aged 13, became king in the eyes of the Jacobites. Given that he was too young to assume the nominal reins of government, Mary represented him until he reached the age of 16. When James Francis Edward was asked to leave France as part of the settlement from the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, which ended the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), Mary stayed despite having no family there, her daughter having died of smallpox. Fondly remembered by her French contemporaries, Mary died of breast cancer in 1718.
^Harris, p. 1
^Oman, p. 30
^Cite error: The named reference Oman40 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Modena (UK: /ˈmɒdɪnə/, US: /ˈmoʊd-/, Italian: [ˈmɔːdena] ; Modenese: Mòdna [ˈmɔdnɐ]; Etruscan: Mutna; Latin: Mutina) is a city and comune (municipality)...
The State Crown ofMaryofModena is the consort crown made in 1685 for MaryofModena, queen of England, Scotland and Ireland. It was used by future queens...
his second wife MaryofModena, a Catholic who was only four years older than Mary. From about the age of nine until her marriage, Mary wrote passionate...
Jacobites, was the son of King James VII and II of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and his second wife, MaryofModena. He was Prince of Wales from July 1688...
Royal, was the last child of James II and VII, the deposed king of England, Scotland and Ireland, by his second wife MaryofModena. Like her brother James...
of Bath MaryofModena was Queen Consort to James II of England Elizabeth Herbert, Marchioness of Powis 1689–1694 : Mary Sackville, Countess of Dorset...
in Modena, Italy, dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and Saint Geminianus. Formerly the seat of the Diocese, later Archdiocese, ofModena, it...
1747–1763: Grace Sackville, Countess of Middlesex 1761–1793: Mary Bertie, Duchess of Ancaster and Kesteven (Dowager Duchess of Ancaster and Kesteven from 1778)...
called Isobel and Isabella, was a daughter of the future King James II of England and his second wife, MaryofModena. Isabel was born at St James's Palace...
James's daughters, Mary and Anne, be raised in the Church of England. Nevertheless, he allowed the widowed James to marry MaryofModena, a fifteen-year-old...
erroneous. After the Restoration, wives of kings – queens consort – traditionally wore the State Crown ofMaryofModena, who first wore it at her coronation...
century Crown ofMaryofModena. However, in 1831, Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen was crowned with a 4 half-arched new small crown, the Crown of Queen Adelaide...
Henrietta Maria of France (1609–1669), queen consort of England, also known as Queen MaryMaryofModena (1685–1688), queen consort of England Maryof Scotland...
Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe (2nd ed.). London: Little, Brown. pp. 27, 50. ISBN 978-0-316-84820-6. MaryofModena at the...
tree of the British royal family, from James I (who united the crowns of England and Scotland) to the present monarch, Charles III. See Family tree of English...
dowry of his grandmother, MaryofModena, but never did so.) The Vatican had recognised James Francis Edward Stuart as James III and VIII as the King of Great...
The coronation of James II and VII, and his wife MaryofModena, as King and Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland was held on 23 April 1685 at Westminster...
John Michael Wright portrait of Charles II and Peter Lely's portraits of Catherine of Braganza, James VII and MaryofModena. The Evening Drawing Room was...
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