Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship information
Fringe theory that Christopher Marlowe was the real author of William Shakespeare's works
Putative portrait of Christopher Marlowe (Corpus Christi College, Cambridge).
The Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship holds that the Elizabethan poet and playwright Christopher Marlowe was the main author of the poems and plays attributed to William Shakespeare. Further, the theory says Marlowe did not die in Deptford on 30 May 1593, as the historical records state, but that his death was faked.
Marlovians (as those who subscribe to the theory are usually called) base their argument on supposed anomalies surrounding Marlowe's reported death[1] and on the significant influence which, according to most scholars, Marlowe's works had on those of Shakespeare.[2] They also point out the coincidence that, despite their having been born only two months apart, the first time the name William Shakespeare is known to have been connected with any literary work was with the publication of Venus and Adonis just a week or two after the death of Marlowe.
The argument against this is that Marlowe's death was accepted as genuine by sixteen jurors at an inquest held by the Queen's personal coroner,[3] that everyone apparently thought that he was dead at the time, and that there is a complete lack of direct evidence supporting his survival beyond 1593.[4] While there are similarities between their works,[5] Marlowe's style,[6] vocabulary,[7] imagery,[8] and his apparent weaknesses—particularly in the writing of comedy[9]—are said to be too different from Shakespeare's to be compatible with the claims of the Marlovians. The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution—title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records—sufficiently establishes Shakespeare of Stratford's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians,[10] who consider the Marlovian theory, like all other alternative theories of Shakespeare authorship, a fringe theory.[11]
^Bakeless 1942, p. 182 "Doctor Hotson's brilliant discovery of the documents relating to Marlowe's death, raises almost as many questions as it answers."
^The International Marlowe-Shakespeare Society has a relevant selection of quotations Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine on its website.
^Hotson 1925
^Wells 2006, p. 100
^Honan 2005, p. 194 "A nearly collusive relationship between the two dramatists, starting around 1590, really ensured that Tamburlaine's revolution in form and significant ideas would not die out. Much depended upon a fresh attitude to creativity itself, and it was Marlowe who most encouraged Shakespeare to bring stateliness and a high poetic habit to the drama."
^Taylor 1987, p. 83
^McCrea 2005, p. 152
^Spurgeon 1935, p. 35
^Bate 1998, p. 109. However, Donna N. Murphy Murphy 2013 proposed that some Shakespeare plays were co-authorships between Marlowe and his friend, humorist Thomas Nashe.
^McCrea 2005, pp. xii–xiii; Further arguments for the orthodox position can be found in chapters 3 and 4 of Bate 1998, pp. 65–132, and the last chapter of Shapiro 2010, pp. 253–95.
^Kathman 2003, p. 621: "...antiStratfordism has remained a fringe belief system".
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