Global InformationMariupol information
Mariupol
Маріуполь (Ukrainian) | |
|---|---|
City | |
     From top to bottom and left to right:
| |
 Flag  Coat of arms  Brandmark | |
  Mariupol Mariupol shown within Donetsk  Mariupol Mariupol shown within Ukraine | |
| Coordinates: 47°5′45″N 37°32′58″E / 47.09583°N 37.54944°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine[1] |
| Oblast | Donetsk Oblast |
| Raion | Mariupol Raion |
| Hromada | Mariupol urban hromada |
| Founded | 1778 |
| City districts | List of 4
|
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Vadym Boychenko[2] (Vadym Boychenko Bloc[2]) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 244 km2 (94 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 120,000 (per Ukraine) |
| (May 2023, after 2022 Russian siege and attacks)[3] before this, the January 2022 estimate was 425,681[4] | |
| Postal code | 87500—87590 |
| Area code | +380 629 |
| Climate | Hot summer subtype |
| Website | mariupolrada |
 | |
| City government website maintained in exile | |
Mariupol (UK: /ˌmæriˈuːpɒl/ MARR-ee-OO-pol, US: /ˌmɑːriˈuːpəl/ ⓘ MAR-ee-OO-pəl; Ukrainian: Маріуполь [mɐr⁽ʲ⁾iˈupolʲ] ⓘ; Russian: Мариуполь, IPA: [mərʲɪˈupəlʲ]; Greek: Μαριούπολη, romanized: Marioúpoli) is a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. It is situated on the northern coast (Pryazovia) of the Sea of Azov, at the mouth of the Kalmius River. Prior to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, it was the tenth-largest city in the country and the second-largest city in Donetsk Oblast, with an estimated population of 425,681 people in January 2022;[4] Ukrainian authorities estimate the population of Mariupol at approximately 120,000.[3] Mariupol has been occupied by Russian forces since May 2022.
Historically, the city of Mariupol was a centre for trade and manufacturing, and played a key role in the development of higher education and many businesses and also served as a coastal resort on the Sea of Azov. In 1948, Mariupol was renamed Zhdanov after Andrei Zhdanov, a native of the city who had become a high-ranking official of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and a close ally to Joseph Stalin. The name was part of a larger effort to rename cities after high-ranking political figures in the Soviet Union. The historic name was restored in 1989.[5]
Mariupol was founded on the site of a former encampment for Cossacks, known as Kalmius,[6] and was granted city rights within the Russian Empire in 1778. It played a key role in Stalin-era industrialization; it was a centre for grain trade, metallurgy, and heavy engineering—including the Illich Iron and Steel Works and the Azovstal Iron and Steel Works.
Beginning on 24 February 2022, a three-month-long siege by Russian forces largely destroyed the city, for which it was named a "Hero City of Ukraine" by the Ukrainian government.[7] On 16 May 2022, the last Ukrainian troops who remained in Mariupol surrendered at Azovstal Iron and Steel Works, and the Russian military secured complete control over the city by 20 May 2022.[8]
- ^ "CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE". rm.coe.int. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ^ a b (in Ukrainian) Boychenko was re-elected mayor of Mariupol Archived 22 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Ukrainska Pravda (2 November 2020)
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
populationwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
- ^ "Mariupol". The Free Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "Mariupol". Britannica.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
- ^ Богданьок, Олена (6 March 2022). "Харків, Чернігів, Маріуполь, Херсон, Гостомель і Волноваха тепер міста-герої". Суспільне | Новини (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
- ^ "Ukraine cedes control of Azovstal plant in Mariupol". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2022.