The Mariana fruit dove or Marianas fruit dove (Ptilinopus roseicapilla), totot on Guam or Paluman totut in Northern Marianas Islands, also known as mwee’mwe in the Carolinian language, is a small, up to 24 cm long, green fruit dove native and endemic to Guam and the Northern Marianas Islands in the Pacific. It has a red forehead; greyish head, back and breast; and yellow belly patch and undertail coverts.
The female lays a single white egg. The chick and egg are tended to by both parents. Its diet consists mainly of fruits.
Culturally, the Mariana fruit dove is a very important symbol of the region. This species is the official bird of the Northern Marianas Islands.[1][permanent dead link]. In 2005, the Mariana fruit dove was originally chosen as the official mascot of the 2006 Micronesian Games in Saipan.[2][permanent dead link] However, the official website for the games shows a tropicbird as the official symbol instead of the Mariana fruit dove.[3]
The species faces extinction due to habitat loss throughout its range. A larger threat to the Mariana fruit dove has been the accidental introduction of the brown tree snake to Guam during World War II. The snakes decimated the native bird populations of the island, which were unaccustomed to predators. They are extinct on Guam since 1984 and the Mariana fruit dove is highly endangered on other islands in its range. The spread of the snakes to the Northern Marianas Islands could be devastating. Several zoos have started captive breeding programs. The St. Louis Zoo, in St. Louis, Missouri, has one of the most successful captive breeding programs. The program began in 1993.[4]
Due to ongoing habitat loss, limited range, small population size and invasive alien species, the Mariana fruit dove is evaluated as near threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
^BirdLife International (2022). "Ptilinopus roseicapilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T22691435A210892456. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
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