Global InformationMariachi information
| Mariachi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Stylistic origins |
|
| Cultural origins | 18th century, Cocula, Jalisco, Mexico (Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, Nayarit) |
| Subgenres | |
| Mariachi tradicional | |
| Regional scenes | |
| |
| Other topics | |
| |
| Mariachi, string music, song and trumpet | |
|---|---|
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage | |
| Country | Mexico |
| Reference | 00575 |
| Region | Latin America and the Caribbean |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2011 (6th session) |
| List | Representative |
Mariachi (US: /ˌmɑːriˈɑːtʃi/, UK: /ˌmær-/, Spanish: [maˈɾjatʃi]) is an ensemble of musicians that typically play ranchera, the regional Mexican music dating back to at least the 18th century, evolving over time in the countryside of various regions of western Mexico.[1] The usual mariachi group today consists of as many as eight violins, two trumpets and at least one guitar, including a high-pitched vihuela and an acoustic bass guitar called a guitarrón, and all players taking turns singing lead and doing backup vocals.
During the 19th- and 20th-century migrations from rural areas into Guadalajara, along with the Mexican government's promotion of national culture, mariachi came to be recognized as a distinctly Mexican son. Modifications of the music include influences from other music such as polkas and waltzes, the addition of trumpets and the use of charro outfits by mariachi musicians. The musical style began to take on national prominence in the first half of the 20th century, with its promotion at presidential inaugurations and on the radio in the 1920s. In 2011, UNESCO recognized mariachi as an Intangible Cultural Heritage in hopes of being a protected element of heritage; it joins six other entries on the Mexican list of that category.[2]
Song styles performed with mariachi include rancheras, corridos, cumbias, boleros, ballads, sones, huapangos, jarabes, danzones, joropos, pasodobles, marches, polkas, waltzes and chotís. Most song lyrics are about machismo, love, betrayal, death, politics, revolutionary heroes, and country life.
- ^ Mulholland, Mary-Lee (2013). "A Beautiful Thing: Mariachi and Femininity in Jalisco, Mexico". Anthropologica. 55 (2): 359–372. ISSN 0003-5459.
- ^ "Mariachi, Patrimonio de la Humanidad: UNESCO" [Mariachi, World Heritage Site: UNESCO]. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (in Spanish). Mexico: INAH. November 27, 2011. Archived from the original on April 26, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
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