Marcel Alexandre Bertrand (2 July 1847 – 13 February 1907) was a French geologist born in Paris. He was the son of mathematician Joseph Louis François Bertrand (1822–1900), and son-in-law to physicist Éleuthère Mascart (1837-1908).
He studied at the École Polytechnique, and beginning in 1869 he attended the Ecole des Mines de Paris. From 1877 he carried out geological mapping studies of Provence, the Jura Mountains and the Alps. In 1886, he became an instructor at the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, and in 1896 became a member of the Académie des sciences.
Bertrand, a founder of modern tectonics, originated an orogenic "wave theory" of mountain-building and introduced[when?] the nappe hypothesis (nappe de charriage). His wave theory described a build-up of massive folds of earth taking place over successive geological eras, called the Caledonian, Hercynian and Alpine periods of orogeny. Bertrand later added a fourth event called the Huronian orogeny, which took place 2400 to 2100 million years ago, in Precambrian time.
In 1890 he was named president of the Société géologique de France.[1]
The Concours de Géologie twice awarded him the Prix Vaillant (1886 and 1890); he also won the Prix Fontannes (of the Société géologique de France) in 1888 and the Prix Petit d'Ormoy in 1893.
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Marcel-Alexandre BERTRAND Société géologique de France
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MarcelAlexandreBertrand (2 July 1847 – 13 February 1907) was a French geologist born in Paris. He was the son of mathematician Joseph Louis François...
until the work of Arnold Escher von der Linth, Albert Heim and MarcelAlexandreBertrand in the Alps working on the Glarus Thrust; Charles Lapworth, Ben...
that the Earth is between 20 and 400 million years old 1884 – MarcelAlexandreBertrand, Nappe and Thrust fault theory 1903 – George Darwin and John Joly...
substantiated with paleontological evidence. The concept was developed by MarcelAlexandreBertrand, who unraveled the complex tectonic history of the Alps and identified...
Arthur Keith, each using concepts associated with French geologist MarcelAlexandreBertrand. Their proposals regarding the Taconics, however, were viewed...
Guinness Book of World Records in 2011. Bertrand has been frequented by numerous famous authors, including Alexandre Herculano, Fernando Pessoa, Eça de Queirós...
painter Emmanuel Berl (1892–1976), writer Aloysius Bertrand (1807–1841), poet MarcelAlexandreBertrand (1847–1907), geologist, one of the founders of modern...
Smith, American educator, author, and reformer (d. 1941) July 2 – MarcelAlexandreBertrand, French geologist (d. 1907) July 9 – Wong Fei-hung, Chinese healer...
– Muriel Robb, English tennis player (b. 1878) February 13 – MarcelAlexandreBertrand, French geologist (b. 1847) February 16 Giosuè Carducci, Italian...
them was MarcelAlexandreBertrand (1847–1907), who interpreted the structure as a thrust in 1884, after reading Heims observations. Bertrand was familiar...
Broca Charles Burguet Alexandre Bustillo José Bénazéraf Marcel Camus Guillaume Canet Laurent Cantet Leos Carax Christian Carion Marcel Carné Marc Caro Emmanuel...
he married Fanny Bertrand (1889-1939); daughter of the geologist, MarcelAlexandreBertrand, and sister of the painter, Claire Bertrand. As the son of a...
Malet Michel Malherbe Manegold of Lautenbach Pierre Manent Alexandre Marc Gabriel Marcel Louis Marin Jean-Luc Marion Jacques Maritain Paul Masson-Oursel...
his role in Bertrand Blier's Notre histoire (1984), and portrayed the aristocratic dandy Baron de Charlus in a film adaptation of Marcel Proust's novel...
for best supporting actor) 1981: Coup de Torchon, directed by Bertrand Tavernier: Marcel Chavasson 1982: Les Sous-doués en vacances, directed by Claude...
the Ripper's place in British social history. In 1976 French filmmaker Bertrand Tavernier made a film called Le juge et l'assassin (The Judge and the Murderer)...
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