Global InformationManuel Incra Mamani information
Manuel Incra Mamani (? – 1871) was a Bolivian cascarillero (bark and seed hunter) from Coroico.[1] He may have been of either Quechua and/or Aymara descent. Mamani found a cinchona tree species (Cinchona ledgeriana syn. C. calisaya) that had a higher proportion of quinine than most others.[2][3] This species went into Dutch commercial cultivation, providing most of the world's quinine well into the 20th century.[4][5][6]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:5was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Baird, J. Kevin (2004-04-01). "The Miraculous Fever Tree: Malaria and the Quest for a Cure That Changed the World". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 70 (4): 457–458. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2004.70.457.
- ^ Gramiccia, G (1988). The Life of Charles Ledger (1818-1905): Alpacas and Quinine. Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-349-09951-1.
- ^ Jaramillo-Arango, A (1949). "A critical review of the basic facts in the history of cinchona" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 53 (352): 272–311. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1949.tb00419.x.
- ^ Roersch van der Hoogte, A; Pieters, T (2014). "Science in the service of colonial agro-industrialism: The case of cinchona cultivation in the Dutch and British East Indies, 1852–1900". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 47: 12–22. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2014.05.019. PMID 24981994.
- ^ Roersch van der Hoogte, A; Pieters, T (2015). "Science, industry and the colonial state: a shift from a German-to a Dutch-controlled cinchona and quinine cartel (1880–1920)". History and Technology. 31 (1): 2–36. doi:10.1080/07341512.2015.1068005. S2CID 153489022.