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The Madariyya is a Sufi order (tariqa) popular in North India, especially in Uttar Pradesh, the Mewat region, Bihar, Gujarat and West Bengal, as well as in Nepal and Bangladesh. Known for its syncretic aspects and its focus on internal dhikr, it was initiated by the Sufi saint Badi' al-Din ("Shah Madar"; d. 1434), and is centered on his shrine (dargah) at Makanpur, Kanpur district, Uttar Pradesh.
Originating in the Tayfuriyya order rooted in the teachings of Bayazid Tayfur Bastami (9th century), the Madariyya order reached its zenith in the late Mughal period between the 15th and 17th centuries and gave rise to new orders as Shah Madar's disciples spread through the northern plains of India, into Bengal. As with most Sufi orders, its name Madariyya has been created by forming a nisba from the name of its founder, (Shah) Madar, though it is sometimes also referred as Tabaqatiyya.[1][2][3][4][5]
^Masud, Muhammad Khalid (2000). Travellers in faith: studies of the Tablīghī Jamāʻat as a transnational Islamic movement for faith renewal- Volume 69. BRILL. p. xxxii. ISBN 90-04-11622-2.
^Liebeskind, Claudia (1998). Piety on its knees: three Sufi traditions in South Asia in modern times. Oxford University Press. p. 49. ISBN 0-19-564309-7.
^Ghazzālī; George F. McLean (2001). Deliverance from error and mystical union with the Almighty- Volume 2 of Cultural heritage and contemporary change. CRVP. p. 60. ISBN 1-56518-081-X.
^Bakshi, S.R. (2003). Advanced history of medieval India. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. p. 348. ISBN 81-7488-028-3.
^Harris, Ian (1992). Contemporary religions: a world guide- Longman current affairs. Longman. p. 216. ISBN 0-582-08695-7.
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