Macau information

Macau
澳門
Macau 澳門
Special administrative region
Chinese:	Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Other official names ;
Chinese:	中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區
Cantonese Yale romanisation:	Jūng'wàh Yàhnmàhn Guhng'wòhgwok Oumún Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui
Portuguese:	Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China
	; Flag ; Emblem
	Location of Macau within China
Sovereign state	People's Republic of China
Portuguese lease	1557
Treaty of Peking	1 December 1887
Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration	26 March 1987
Handover of Macau	20 December 1999
Largest parish; by population	Nossa Senhora de Fátima
Official languages	Chinese; Portuguese;
Regional languages	Cantonese; Macanese Portuguese;
Official scripts	Traditional Chinese; Portuguese orthography;
Ethnic groups (2016)	88.4% Han Chinese; 4.6% Filipino; 2.4% Vietnamese; 1.7% Portuguese; 2.8% other
Demonym(s)	Macau
Government	Devolved executive-led government within a unitary one-party state
• Chief Executive	Ho Iat Seng
• Administration and Justice Secretary	André Cheong Weng Chon
• Assembly President	Kou Hoi In
• Court President	Sam Hou Fai
Legislature	Legislative Assembly
National representation
• National People's Congress	12 deputies
• Chinese People's; Political Consultative; Conference	29 delegates
Area
• Total	115.3 km2 (44.5 sq mi)
• Water (%)	73.7
Highest elevation (Alto de Coloane)	172.4 m (565.6 ft)
Population
• 2022 estimate	672,800
• Density	20,300/km2 (52,576.8/sq mi) (1st)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$69.565 billion (115th)
• Per capita	$98,157 (9th)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	$38.480 billion (100th)
• Per capita	$54,295 (23rd)
Gini (2018)	36.0; medium
HDI (2019)	0.922; very high · 17th
Currency	Macanese pataca (MOP)
Time zone	UTC+08:00 (Macau Standard Time)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy; yyyy年mm月dd日
Mains electricity	220 V–50 Hz
Driving side	left
Calling code	+853
ISO 3166 code	MO; CN-MO;
Internet TLD	.mo; .澳門; .澳门;
Licence plate prefixes	None for local vehicles, 粤Z for cross-boundary vehicles

Macau^[e] or Macao^[f] is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. With a population of about 680,000^[11] and an area of 32.9 km² (12.7 sq mi), it is the most densely populated region in the world.

Formerly a Portuguese colony, the territory of Portuguese Macau was first leased to Portugal by the Ming dynasty as a trading post in 1557. Portugal paid an annual rent and administered the territory under Chinese sovereignty until 1887.

Portugal later gained perpetual colonial rights in the Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking. The colony remained under Portuguese rule until the 1999 handover to China. Macau is a special administrative region of China, which maintains separate governing and economic systems from those of mainland China under the principle of "one country, two systems".^[12] The unique blend of Portuguese and Chinese architecture in the city's historic centre has resulted in its inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005.^[13]

Originally a sparsely populated collection of coastal islands,^[14] Macau, often referred to as the "Las Vegas of the East", since the late 20th century has become a major resort city and a top destination for gambling tourism. Its gambling industry is seven times larger than that of Las Vegas.^[15] The city has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, US$43,770 in 2021,^[16] and its GDP per capita by purchasing power parity is one of the highest in the world.^[17]^[18]

It has a very high Human Development Index, as calculated by the Macau government,^[10] and the fourth-highest life expectancy in the world.^[19] The territory is highly urbanised; two-thirds of the total land area is built on land reclaimed from the sea.^[20]

^ ^a ^b "Macau" Archived 24 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference official-lang was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Population By-Census 2016, p. 6.
^ "What are the characteristics of Macanese people?". Macau Daily Times. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
^ Clayton, Cathryn H. (2010). Sovereignty at the Edge: Macau & the Question of Chineseness. Harvard University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 978-0674035454.
^ "China (People's Republic of) 1982 (rev. 2004)". Constitute project. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
^ "Local NPC Deputies' Election Slated for Dec 17". Macau News. 27 November 2017. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Macao)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^ "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
^ ^a ^b Macao in Figures 2021, p. 4
^ "Macao Population (2020)". Worldometer. Archived from the original on 23 December 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
^ Landler 1999.
^ "Historic Centre of Macao". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
^ du Cros 2009, p. 75.
^ Sheng & Gu 2018, p. 72.
^ "Macao: GDP per capita 2000-2027". Statista. Archived from the original on 6 November 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
^ "'GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)', World Development Indicators database". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
^ Sheng & Gu 2018, pp. 77–78.
^ "Macau". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
^ Grydehøj 2015, p. 102.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[wfb-1] "Macau" Archived 24 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.

[official-lang-2] Cite error: The named reference official-lang was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[ethnicity2016-5] Population By-Census 2016, p. 6.

[6] "What are the characteristics of Macanese people?". Macau Daily Times. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2018.

[7] Clayton, Cathryn H. (2010). Sovereignty at the Edge: Macau & the Question of Chineseness. Harvard University Press. pp. 110–113. ISBN 978-0674035454.

[9] "China (People's Republic of) 1982 (rev. 2004)". Constitute project. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2019.

[nationalReps-10] "Local NPC Deputies' Election Slated for Dec 17". Macau News. 27 November 2017. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.

[IMFWEO.MO-11] "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Macao)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.

[12] "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2019.

[HDI-13] Macao in Figures 2021, p. 4

[17] "Macao Population (2020)". Worldometer. Archived from the original on 23 December 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.

[NYTHandover-18] Landler 1999.

[19] "Historic Centre of Macao". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.

[20] u Cros 2009, p. 75.

[ShengGuP72-21] Sheng & Gu 2018, p. 72.

[22] "Macao: GDP per capita 2000-2027". Statista. Archived from the original on 6 November 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2022.

[23] "'GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)', World Development Indicators database". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.

[ShengGuP7778-24] Sheng & Gu 2018, pp. 77–78.

[CIALifeExpectancy-25] "Macau". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2019.

[LandReclamation-26] Grydehøj 2015, p. 102.

Macau information

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