Lower Shawneetown, also known as Shannoah or Sonnontio, was an 18th-century Shawnee village located within the Lower Shawneetown Archeological District, near South Portsmouth in Greenup County, Kentucky and Lewis County, Kentucky.[2] The population eventually occupied areas on both sides of the Ohio River, and along both sides of the Scioto River in what is now Scioto County, Ohio.[3]: 835 It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on 28 April 1983.[1] It is near the Bentley site, a Madisonville Horizon settlement inhabited between 1400 CE and 1625 CE. Nearby, to the east, there are also four groups of Hopewell tradition mounds, built between 100 BCE and 500 CE, known as the Portsmouth Earthworks.
Extensive archaeological work has provided a clear picture of the town's appearance and activities, particularly the nature of trade, social organization, agriculture, and relationships with other Native American communities. Well-known British traders William Trent and George Croghan maintained trading posts in the town with large warehouses to store furs, skins, and other goods.
Between about 1734 and 1758 Lower Shawneetown became a center for commerce and diplomacy, "a sort of republic"[4]: 11–12 populated mainly by Shawnee, Iroquois, and Delawares. By 1755, its population exceeded 1,200, making it one of the largest Native American communities in the Ohio Country, second only to Pickawillany.[5] The size and diversity of the town's population attracted both French and British traders, leading to political competition between France and Britain to influence the community in the years preceding the French and Indian War. The town remained politically neutral in spite of frequent visits by French, British and Native American leaders. Several English captives, including Mary Draper Ingles and Samuel Stalnaker, were held captive in Lower Shawneetown in the 1750s.
Lower Shawneetown was abandoned in 1758 to avoid colonial American raids during the French and Indian War, and was relocated further up the Scioto River to the Pickaway Plains.
^ ab"National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on February 20, 2013.
^Sharp, William E. (1996). "Chapter 6: Fort Ancient Farmers". In Lewis, R. Barry (ed.). Kentucky Archaeology. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 170–176. ISBN 0-8131-1907-3.
^Cite error: The named reference ARCHOFKENT was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Thwaites, Reuben Gold, The French Regime in Wisconsin and the Northwest, Vol I: 1634-1760. State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1908
^Stephen Warren, Worlds the Shawnees Made: Migration and Violence in Early America, UNC Press Books, 2014 ISBN 1469611732
LowerShawneetown, also known as Shannoah or Sonnontio, was an 18th-century Shawnee village located within the LowerShawneetown Archeological District...
He then went with Chartier to the Ohio River Valley and stayed in LowerShawneetown until 24 June 1745, when he went with Chartier to Kentucky, where...
villages were Eskippakithiki in Kentucky, Sonnionto (also known as LowerShawneetown) in Ohio, Chalakagay near what is now Sylacauga, Alabama, Chalahgawtha...
Shawnees as he could over to French protection. He was on his way to LowerShawneetown to address the Shawnees living there. Kakowatcheky, however, refused...
Thomas Burney and Andrew McBrey at LowerShawneetown on 6 July and questioned them about the raid. At LowerShawneetown on 29 July, Trent met "the young...
major towns, Wakatomica on the Muskingum and LowerShawneetown on the Ohio River. In 1758, LowerShawneetown was abandoned in favor of multiple, smaller...
longhouses, colonist Christopher Gist describes how, during his visit to LowerShawneetown in January 1751, he and Andrew Montour addressed a meeting of village...
now Chilhowie, Virginia. He was held captive by Shawnee Indians at LowerShawneetown in Kentucky for almost a year, before escaping and traveling over...
Northeastern Pennsylvania, and New York Bay, western Long Island, and the lower Hudson Valley in New York state. Today they are based in Oklahoma, Wisconsin...
to join him, but was refused. Chartier and his people proceeded to LowerShawneetown on the Ohio River, where they took refuge for a few weeks. Chartier...
These materials have all been found as grave goods at sites such as LowerShawneetown and Hardin Village. Such artifacts appeared and were used in the area...
Kentucky (near present-day Lexington). They drew the Kentucky militia to Lower Blue Licks, where the Wyandot defeated the militia led by Daniel Boone....
settler, was captured by Shawnee Indians on July 30, 1755, and taken to LowerShawneetown. After two weeks there, she was taken to Big Bone Lick and put to...
Cleek–McCabe site Clover site Fox Farm site Hahn Field site Larkin site LowerShawneetown Madisonville site Ronald Watson Gravel site Sand Ridge site Turpin...
Vincennes and in September 1792 negotiated a treaty with tribes of the lower Wabash River. Knox believed this treaty had weakened the confederacy by...
grandchildren, Loyparcowah and Meshemethequater, were also Shawnee leaders at LowerShawneetown. One of his great granddaughters, Margaret Tecumsapah Opessa, was...
the post. Some Odawa had already settled across northern Michigan in the Lower Peninsula, and more bands established villages around and south of Detroit...
Global Information
USA