Copper Alloy Sculpture of man belonging to a Lower Niger Bronze Industry
"Lower Niger Bronze Industry" is essentially a catch-all term[1] referring either to any unattributed "Bronze" (in reality, copper alloy) work produced in the Lower Niger,[2] or, more commonly, to every "Bronze" work produced in the Lower Niger which cannot be immediately attributed to more famous traditions of Benin and Yoruba (particularly Ife) metallurgy. These works, referred to in recent texts as LNBs, are quite distinct from previously mentioned ones in both style and production, but are also internally diverse; they do not comprise a single tradition: "while this omnibus term is still with us, no one would continue to lump the Tada-Jebba bronzes together with those excavated at Igbo-Ukwu, even as sub-styles. These and the other provisional groupings reflect distinctly different traditions. Today even the search for a single alternate bronzecasting center has broadened as several independent workshops have been confirmed."[3] As such, one may consider "Lower Bronze Industry" to actually mean Bronze-works which have not yet been assigned to broader traditions, or whose encapsulating traditions/contexts are (for now) poorly understood - different scholars additionally do not agree on which pieces should be given the classification. However, though little is known about them, their mere existence suggests that Bronze working was more widely spread in Nigeria than was once known.[4]
^Herbert, 1984. Red Gold of Africa: Copper in Precolonial History and Culture. P. 92.
^Herbert, 1984. P.92
^Peek, Phillip (1980). "Isoko Bronzes and the Lower Niger Bronze Industries". African Arts. 13 (4): 60–88. doi:10.2307/3335786. JSTOR 3335786.
^"Figure: Male Warrior". Metmuseum.org. MET Museum Publications.
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