"Llywelyn Fawr" redirects here. For the 13th-century Lord of Meirionnydd, see Llywelyn Fawr ap Maredudd.
Llywelyn ab Iorwerth
Prince of Aberffraw Lord of Snowdon
Llywelyn (left) with his sons, Gruffudd (centre) and Dafydd (right)
King of Gwynedd
Reign
1195–1240
Predecessor
Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd
Successor
Dafydd ap Llywelyn
Born
c. 1173[1] Dolwyddelan
Died
11 April 1240 Aberconwy Abbey
Burial
Aberconwy Abbey
Spouse
Joan, Lady of Wales
Issue
Dafydd ap Llywelyn
Gruffydd ap Llywelyn
Elen ferch Llywelyn
Gwladus Ddu
Marared ferch Llywelyn
Angharad ferch Llywelyn
Susanna ferch Llywelyn
Tegwared ap Llywelyn
House
Aberffraw
Father
Iorwerth Drwyndwn
Mother
Marared ferch Madog
Llywelyn ab Iorwerth (pronounced[ɬəˈwɛlɪnabˈjɔrwɛrθ], c. 1173 – 11 April 1240),[2][3] also known as Llywelyn the Great (Welsh: Llywelyn Fawr, [ɬəˈwɛlɪnvaʊ̯r]), was a medieval Welsh ruler. He succeeded his uncle, Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd, as King of Gwynedd in 1195. By a combination of war and diplomacy he dominated Wales for 45 years.[4]
During Llywelyn's childhood, Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who split the kingdom between them, following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd, in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong claim to be the legitimate ruler and began a campaign to win power at an early age. He was sole ruler of Gwynedd by 1200 and made a treaty with King John of England that year. Llywelyn's relations with John remained good for the next ten years. He married John's natural daughter Joan in 1205, and when John arrested Gwenwynwyn of Powys in 1208, Llywelyn took the opportunity to annex southern Powys. In 1210, relations deteriorated, and John invaded Gwynedd in 1211. Llywelyn was forced to seek terms and to give up all lands east of the River Conwy, but was able to recover them the following year in alliance with the other Welsh princes. He allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign Magna Carta in 1215. By 1216, he was the dominant power in Wales, holding a council at Aberdyfi that year to apportion lands to the other princes.
Following King John's death, Llywelyn concluded the Treaty of Worcester with his successor, Henry III, in 1218. During the next fifteen years, Llywelyn was frequently involved in fights with Marcher lords and sometimes with the king, but also made alliances with several major powers in the Marches. The Peace of Middle in 1234 marked the end of Llywelyn's military career, as the agreed truce of two years was extended year by year for the remainder of his reign. He maintained his position in Wales until his death in 1240 and was succeeded by his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn.
^Brough, Gideon; Marsden, Richard (2011). "Llywelyn the Great (ca. 1173-1240)". The Encyclopedia of War. doi:10.1002/9781444338232.wbeow367. ISBN 9781405190374.
^Edwards, Owen Morgan (1895). Y Llenor. Penguin UK. p. 51. ISBN 1145653332.
^Davies, John (2014). Hanes Cymru (A History of Wales in Welsh). Penguin UK. ISBN 9780140125702.
^Cite error: The named reference Iorwerth was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
and 24 Related for: Llywelyn ab Iorwerth information
LlywelynabIorwerth (pronounced [ɬəˈwɛlɪn ab ˈjɔrwɛrθ], c. 1173 – 11 April 1240), also known as Llywelyn the Great (Welsh: Llywelyn Fawr, [ɬəˈwɛlɪn vaʊ̯r])...
Deheubarth Llywelyn the Great (Llywelyn Fawr; LlywelynabIorwerth; c. 1173–1240), Prince of Gwynedd and ruler of most of Wales Llywelyn Fawr ap Maredudd...
south-east of the castle. Dolwyddelan Castle was probably begun by LlywelynabIorwerth, the ruler of the Kingdom of Gwynedd, between 1210 and 1240 to defend...
Gruffudd ap Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (c. 1196 – 1 March 1244) was the Welsh first-born son of Llywelyn the Great ("Llywelyn Fawr"). His mother Tangwystl (c...
'Llywelyn' as y daroganwr ("son of the prophecy"; Y Mab Darogan). The poem is difficult to date and may be addressed to either LlywelynabIorwerth (Llywelyn...
Owain ap Edwin Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd Prince of Gwynedd 1170 Caswallon ap Hywel Iorwerthab Owain (1145–1174), LlywelynabIorwerth (c. 1173 – 11 April...
Angharad ferch Llywelyn (fl. 1260) was a daughter of LlywelynabIorwerth, Prince of Wales. The identity of her mother is uncertain; but several later...
next senior surviving son of Owain Gwynedd. After Iorwerth's death, his eldest son LlywelynabIorwerth was the legitimate heir to the Crown and Throne...
reward for his support from LlywelynabIorwerth, the new ruler of Gwynedd, who would become known to posterity as Llywelyn the Great. Maredudd supported...
royal badges, which use the Welsh dragon and the coat of arms of LlywelynabIorwerth respectively. At the centre of the arms is a quartered shield, depicting...
castles in 1240. In 1230, Ralph married Princess Gwladus, daughter of LlywelynabIorwerth and Joan, Lady of Wales (the only acknowledged, illegitimate daughter...
Anglesey, Wales. It was founded around 1237 in memory of Joan, wife of LlywelynabIorwerth. The Friary survived the depopulation of the town, but was dissolved...
court of the kingdom of Gwynedd in the reigns of Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd and LlywelynabIorwerth, and he is known for a number of awdlau in praise of his...
latest pedigrees to have been included in the tract are those of LlywelynabIorwerth (d. 1240) and Rhys Gryg (d. 1234). It shares some material with the...
of England. See also Llywelyn ap IorwerthLlywelynabIorwerth (1173 – 11 April 1240), later known as Llywelyn the Great (Llywelyn I), was sole ruler of...
century, and beginning of the thirteenth century, LlywelynabIorwerth (Llywelyn Fawr or Llywelyn the Great), built a royal home at Abergwyngregyn (known...
to Lloyd (pg 161) LlywelynabIorwerth may have been named after his deceased maternal uncle Llywelyn ap Madog, as the name 'Llywelyn' does not appear...
mean 'prisoner's rock', a reference to the imprisonment of one of LlywelynabIorwerth's sons in the castle by his brother. However, caeth has the primary...
from Dafydd the Usurper. Llywelyn Fawr (Llywelyn the Great) ap Iorwerth (1195–1240), first Prince of Wales. Dafydd ap Llywelyn (1240–1246). Owain Goch...
from his nephew, Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, who defeated him at the battle of Aberconwy with the aid of his cousins, the sons of Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd, drove...
1230s by Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, the prince of Gwynedd, who probably built the inner ward and gatehouse. It was extended by his grandson, Llywelyn ap Gruffudd...
family held the castle until 1214, when it was destroyed by Prince LlywelynabIorwerth of the Royal House of Aberffraw. The rebuilding of Montgomery Castle...
Strata Marcella. In his early career, Llywelyn studied under a poet named Rhys ap Dafydd abIorwerth. Llywelyn is noted for his bardic debate between...
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