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Before 1502, the East African city of Mombasa was part of the Kilwa Sultanate.[1] The independent Mombasa sultanate named Mvita (Swahili) or Manbasa (Arabic) was then established but was conquered by the Portuguese Empire during the 16th century. After this control alternated between the Portuguese and the Sultanate of Oman,before the establishment of the British East Africa Protectorate in 1887. Mombasa became part of independent Kenya in 1963.
Tenure
Incumbent
Notes
Portuguese Suzerainty
1593 to 1596
Mateus de Vasconcelos, Captain-Major
1596 to 1598
António de Andrade, Captain-Major
1598 to 1606
Rui Soares de Melo, Captain-Major
1606 to 1609
Gaspar Pereira, Captain-Major
1609 to 1610
Pedro de Abreu, Captain-Major
1610 to 1614
Manuel Pereira, Captain-Major
1614 to 1620
Simão Pereira, Captain-Major
1620 to 1625
Francisco Pereira, Captain-Major
1625 to 1629
Marçal de Macedo, Captain-Major
1629 to 15 August 1631
Pedro de Gambôa, Captain-Major
15 August 1631 to 1635
Pedro Botelho, Captain-Major
1635 to 1638
Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira, Captain-Major
1st Term
Portuguese Colony under Goa
1638 to 1639
Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira, Captain-Major
1st Term
1639 to 1642
Martim Manuel, Captain-Major
1642 to 1643
...., Captain-Major
1643 to 1646
Manuel Coutinho, Captain-Major
1646 to 1651
António de Meneses, Captain-Major
1651 to 1653
Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira, Captain-Major
2nd Term
1653 to 1658
..., Captain-Major
1658 to 1663
José da Silva, Captain-Major
1663 to 1667
Manuel de Campos, Captain-Major
1667 to 1670
João Cota, Captain-Major
1670 to 1671
vacant
1671 to 1673
João da Costa, Captain-Major
1673 to 1676
Manuel de Campos, Captain-Major
1676 to 1679
Francisco Faria, Captain-Major
1679 to 16??
Manuel Franco, Captain-Major
16?? to 1682
Pedro Henriques, Captain-Major
1682 to 1686
João Portugal, Captain-Major
1688 to 1693
Duarte de Melo, Captain-Major
1693 to 1694
Pascual Sarmento, Captain-Major
1694 to 1696
João Leão, Captain-Major
1696 to 1697
Antonio de Melo, Captain-Major
1697 to 1698
Dau, príncipe de Faza, Captain-Major
1698 to 12 December 1698
Leonardo Barbosa Souto-Maior, Captain-Major
Omani Suzerainty
Wali (Swahili: Liwali) (Governors)
12 December 1698 to December 1698
Imam Sa‘if ibn Sultan, Wali
December 1698 to 12 March 1728
Nasr ibn Abdallah al-Mazru‘i, Wali
Portuguese Suzerainty
Portuguese Colony under Goa
12 March 1728 to 21 September 1729
Álvaro Caetano de Melo Castro, Captain-Major
Omani Suzerainty
Wali (Swahili: Liwali) (Governors)
1729 to 1735
..., Wali
1735 to 1739
Sa‘id al-Hadermi, Wali
1739 to 1745
Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Mazru‘i, Wali
1746
‘Ali ibn Uthman al-Mazru‘i, Wali
Independent (disputed with Oman)
1746 to 1755
Sultan ‘Ali ibn Uthman al-Mazru‘i
1755 to 1773
Sultan Masud ibn Naisr al-Mazru‘i
1773 to 1782
Sultan Abdallah ibn Muhammad al-Mazru‘i
1782 to 1811
Sultan Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Mazru‘i
1812 to 1823
Sultan ‘Abd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Mazru‘i
Omani Suzerainty
1823 to 1826
Sultan Sulayman ibn ‘Ali al-Mazru‘i
1826 to March 1835
Salim ibn Ahmad al-Mazru‘i, Wali
March 1835 to 1836
Nasur ibn Ahmad al-Mazru‘i, Wali
1836 to 1837
Rashid ibn Salim al-Mazru‘i
1837 to 24 June 1837
Khamis ibn Rashid al-Mazru‘i
1837 to 1860
Abdallah ibn Hamish al-Mazru‘i
1860 to 1873
Mubarrak ibn Rashid al-Mazru‘i
1873 to 1 July 1895
Rashid ibn Hamish al-Mazru‘i
British Suzerainty
British Protectorate
9 February 1824 to 13 February 1824
William Fitzwilliam Owen, Governor
13 February 1824 to 29 May 1824
John James Reitz, Governor
29 May 1824 to September 1824
vacant
September 1824 to 25 July 1826
J.B. Emery, Governor
Zanzibari Suzerainty
24 June 1837
Annexed by Zanzibar
British Suzerainty
25 May 1887
Administration handed to the British East Africa Association
1 July 1895
Kenya protectorate coastal strip nominally under Zanzibari sovereignty
12 December 1963
Incorporated into independent Kenya
^Elhanafy, Heba (25 June 2020). "Building Africa: Kilwa Kisiwani, the Indian Ocean Trade, and the Rise of East African City-States". CHARTER CITIES INSTITUTE.
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