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Until 308 BC Carthage was ruled, at least officially, by monarchs, in the sense of the word that executive power was held by one person.[1] It also seems for the time period below to have been passed down in the clan of the Magonids. The title itself was most likely Suffete.[2]: 115–116
Hannonids
Hanno I c. 580 – c. 556 BC
Malchus c. 556 – c. 550 BC
Magonids
Mago I c. 550 – c. 530 BC
Hasdrubal I c. 530 – c. 510 BC
Hamilcar I c. 510–480 BC
Hanno II 480–440 BC
Himilco I (in Sicily) 460–410 BC
Hannibal I 440–406 BC
Himilco II 406–396 BC
Mago II 396–375 BC
Mago III 375–344 BC
Hanno III 344–340 BC
Hannonids
Hanno I 340–337 BC
Gisco 337–330 BC
Hamilcar II 330–309 BC
Bomilcar 309–308 BC
In 480 BC, following Hamilcar I's death, the king lost most of his power to an aristocratic Council of Elders. In 308 BC, Bomilcar attempted a coup to restore the monarch to full power, but failed, which led to Carthage becoming a republic.[1]
^ abAndrew Lintott, Violence, Civil Strife and Revolution in the Classical City: 750-330 BC, Routledge, 2014, p. 66.
^Miles, Richard (2011). Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization. New York: Viking Penguin.
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