List of bodily actions used as nonverbal communication
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People often use gestures during heated or tense arguments, such as at this political demonstration (2007).
Gestures are a form of nonverbal communication in which visible bodily actions are used to communicate important messages, either in place of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words.[1] Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body. Physical non-verbal communication such as purely expressive displays, proxemics, or displays of joint attention differ from gestures, which communicate specific messages.[1] Gestures are culture-specific and may convey very different meanings in different social or cultural settings.[2] Hand gestures used in the context of public speaking or musical conducting are chironomy.[3] Although some gestures, such as the ubiquitous act of pointing, differ little from one place to another, most gestures do not have invariable or universal meanings, but connote specific meanings in particular cultures. A single emblematic gesture may have very different significance in different cultural contexts, ranging from complimentary to highly offensive.[4]
This list includes links to pages that discuss particular gestures, as well as short descriptions of some gestures that do not have their own page. Not included are the specialized gestures, calls, and signals used by referees and umpires in various organized sports. Police officers also make gestures when directing traffic. Miming is an art form in which the performer uses gestures to convey a story; charades is a game of gestures. Mimed gestures might generally be used to refer to an action in context, for example turning a pretend crank to ask someone to lower a car side window (or for modern power windows, pointing down or miming pressing a button).
^ abKendon, Adam (2004). Gesture: Visible Action as Utterance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-83525-9.
^Morris, Desmond; Collett, Peter; Marsh, Peter; O'Shaughnessy, Marie (1979). Gestures, Their Origins and Distribution. London: Cape. ISBN 0-224-01570-2.
^"Chironomy", Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. II (1st ed.), Edinburgh: Colin Macfarquhar, 1771.
^Kendon, Adam (1994). "Human gestures". In K.R. Gibson and T. Ingold (ed.). Tools, Language and Cognition in Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
highly offensive. This list includes links to pages that discuss particular gestures, as well as short descriptions of some gestures that do not have their...
system consisting of manual gestures. The theory that language evolved from manual gestures, termed Gestural Theory, dates back to the work of 18th-century...
For a list of emblematic gestures, see Listofgestures. There are some universal gestures like the shoulder shrug. Gestures can also be categorized as...
shaka as a gesture for students and faculty there. "Shakas up!" is often spoken when giving the shaka hand sign. ILY sign ListofgesturesListof mudras...
inappropriate". Listofgestures Money, Money, Money song by Swedish pop group ABBA Armstrong, Nancy; Wagner, Melissa (2003). Field Guide to Gestures: How to...
deictic gestures did not. Iconic gestures are the most common form of representational gesture in Italian children. Children will copy the iconic gestures they...
Hand gestures are used in regions of Italy and in the Italian language as a form of nonverbal communication and expression. The gestures within the Italian...
to Thumb gestures. OK (gesture) Finger (gesture) Finger-counting, in which the thumb indicates the number one. Carlton S. Coon: "The Story of Man" (1954)...
Articulatory gestures Dulya (Fig sign) ListofgesturesListof sign languages Manual communication Mooning Mountza Non verbal communication Obscene gesture OK...
S2CID 46968377. C Carroll; R Carroll (2012). Mudras of India: A Comprehensive Guide to the Hand Gesturesof Yoga and Indian Dance. SD Publishers. pp. 44–46...
is used to convey polysemous gestures and opposing forces. Depending on the elements combined, the meaning of the gesture changes in tone and intention...
four fingers pointing down, with the palm facing the beckoner. GestureListofgestures Ju Brown; John Brown (2006). China, Japan, Korea: Culture and Customs...
"The naturall language of the hand composed of the speaking motions, and discoursing gestures thereof." Among the many hand gestures detailed by Bulwer,...
palm-out salute created by James B. Upham as the gesture that was to accompany the American Pledge of Allegiance, whose text had been written by Francis...
convey a bid by feeling the hand gesture in a sleeve) when they wish for more privacy in a public place. These gestures are fully integrated into Chinese...
a very casual form of greeting in business, usually performed between colleagues with the same status, or when more formal gestures are deemed unnecessary...
both gestures can be associated with campiness. Probably the biggest proponent of jazz hands was Bob Fosse, who incorporated them in nearly all of his...
Musical Gestures Group, University of Oslo (Norway) Input devices and Music Interaction Laboratory, McGill University The Importance of Bodily Gestures in...
for articles to their attention. Emily Post Etiquette Ethology GestureListofgestures Respect Oretha D. Swartz, Service Etiquett (1988) p. 473 Erving...
be functionally similar to other hand gestures. Types of pointing may be subdivided according to the intention of the person, as well as by the linguistic...
expressed a certain criticism of a "new practise" born of scrupulosity which did not imitate the gesturesof Jesus Christ and for that reason, the Carthusians...
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