Tropospheric cloud classification by altitude of occurrence. Multi-level and vertical genus-types not limited to a single altitude level include nimbostratus, cumulonimbus, and some of the larger cumulus species.
The list of cloud types groups all cloud genera as high (cirro-, cirrus), middle (alto-), multi-level (nimbo-, cumulo-, cumulus), and low (strato-, stratus). These groupings are determined by the altitude level or levels in the troposphere at which each of the various cloud types is normally found. Small cumulus are commonly grouped with the low clouds because they do not show significant vertical extent. Of the multi-level genus-types, those with the greatest convective activity are often grouped separately as towering vertical. The genus types all have Latin names.
The genera are also grouped into five physical forms. These are, in approximate ascending order of instability or convective activity: stratiform sheets; cirriform wisps and patches; stratocumuliform patches, rolls, and ripples; cumuliform heaps, and cumulonimbiform towers that often have complex structures. Most genera are divided into species with Latin names, some of which are common to more than one genus. Most genera and species can be subdivided into varieties, also with Latin names, some of which are common to more than one genus or species. The essentials of the modern nomenclature system for tropospheric clouds were proposed by Luke Howard, a British manufacturing chemist and an amateur meteorologist with broad interests in science, in an 1802 presentation to the Askesian Society. Very low stratiform clouds that touch the Earth's surface are given the common names fog and mist, which are not included with the Latin nomenclature of clouds that form aloft in the troposphere.
Above the troposphere, stratospheric and mesospheric clouds have their own classifications with common names for the major types and alpha-numeric nomenclature for the subtypes. They are characterized by altitude as very high level (polar stratospheric) and extreme level (polar mesospheric). Three of the five physical forms in the troposphere are also seen at these higher levels, stratiform, cirriform, and stratocumuliform, although the tops of very large cumulonimbiform clouds can penetrate the lower stratosphere.
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The listofcloudtypes groups all cloud genera as high (cirro-, cirrus), middle (alto-), multi-level (nimbo-, cumulo-, cumulus), and low (strato-, stratus)...
form. Cumulus clouds may appear by themselves, in lines, or in clusters. Cumulus clouds are often precursors of other typesofclouds, such as cumulonimbus...
to become nimbostratus. Unlike most other typesofclouds, altostratus clouds are not subdivided into cloud species due to their largely-featureless appearance...
fundamental typesofclouds: cirrus or thread-cloud, cumulus or heap-cloud, stratus or flat cloud (level sheet), and nimbus or rain-cloud (see Listofcloud types)...
leading edge of a thunderstorm where warm, moist air is lifted by the gust front. Scud are usually found under shelf clouds. Listofcloudtypes Wikimedia...
Cirrus uncinus clouds in Salinas Victoria, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Listofcloudtypes WMO. "Cirrus uncinus (Ci unc)". International Cloud Atlas. Retrieved...
arc Cloud iridescence Distrails Listofcloudtypes Virga Sutherland, Scott (March 23, 2017). "Cloud Atlas leaps into 21st century with 12 new cloud types"...
names altocumulus (Ac) for stratocumuliform types and altostratus (As) for stratiform types. These clouds can form as low as 2,000 m (6,500 ft) above...
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letter term. " "Weather Facts: Accessory clouds | weatheronline.co.uk". "Genera and species". "Cloud classification summary". Listofcloudtypes v t e...
pattern. Like other cirrus clouds, cirrus intortus occur at high altitudes. Listofcloudtypes Wolken Online. "Cirrus". Cloud Atlas. Archived from the...
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sheaves" of cirrus clouds. When viewed toward the sun, the denser patches often have gray bases. Listofcloudtypes "Appendix 3 - History ofcloud nomenclature"...
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