Henrician castles Henrician blockhouses and bulwarks[1]
The Device Forts, also known as Henrician castles and blockhouses, were a series of artillery fortifications built to defend the coast of England and Wales by Henry VIII.[2][a] They ranged from large stone castles, to small blockhouses and earthwork bulwarks.[4] Armed with artillery, the forts were intended to be used against enemy ships before they could land forces or attack vessels lying in harbour.[5] The castles were commanded by captains appointed by the Crown, overseeing small garrisons of professional gunners and soldiers, who would be supplemented by local militia in an emergency.[6] The Device programme was hugely expensive, costing a total of £376,000, much of it raised from the proceeds of the Dissolution of the Monasteries.[7][b]
The fate of the Device Forts over the coming years varied.[9] Some of the defences were left to deteriorate and were decommissioned only a few years after their construction.[10] Others were kept in service and used during the English Civil War, the Anglo-Dutch Wars, the Napoleonic Wars and, upgraded with more modern artillery and defences, throughout the 19th century.[11] By 1900, however, developments in guns and armour had made most of the Device Forts that remained in service simply too small to be practical in modern coastal defence.[12] Despite being brought back into use during the Second World War, by the 1950s those fortifications still in use were considered redundant and finally decommissioned.[13] Coastal erosion over the centuries had extensively damaged or completely destroyed some sites, but others have been restored and opened to the public as tourist attractions.[14]
^Morley 1976, pp. 8–9
^Harrington 2007, p. 11; Walton 2010, p. 70
^Morley 1976, pp. 8–9; Harrington 2007, pp. 3, 8; Saunders 1989, pp. 37, 40
^Harrington 2007, pp. 20–33; Morley 1976, pp. 8–10; Saunders 1989, pp. 37–38
^Saunders 1989, p. 37
^Saunders 1989, p. 47; Harrington 2007, pp. 37–39
^Hale 1983, pp. 70–71
^Lawrence H. Officer; Samuel H. Williamson (2014), "Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present", MeasuringWorth, retrieved 29 May 2015
^Harrington 2007, p. 53
^Harrington 2007, pp. 53–54
^Morley 1976, pp. 37–41; Harrington 2007, pp. 53–55
^Coad 2006, pp. 103–104, 109–110; Coad 2013, p. 18
^Harrington 2007, p. 45; Saunders 1989, p. 225
^Harrington 2007, p. 56; Crane 2012, p. 2; "St Andrew's Castle", Historic England, retrieved 2 August 2015; Spurgeon & Brooke 1996, p. 122; Tapete et al. 2013, p. 456; Harris 1980, p. 54; "Historic Environment Commissions Report: Impact", English Heritage, 2011, p. 15, retrieved 7 April 2016; "Tudor Blockhouse 300m South of Mersea Stone", Historic England, retrieved 7 April 2016; Symonds 1914, p. 33; Groves 1879, pp. 22–23; Norman 1920, p. 34; "Sandsfoot Castle", Historic England, retrieved 27 December 2015; "East Cowes Castle", Historic England, retrieved 26 May 2015
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
and 23 Related for: List of Device Forts information
The DeviceForts, also known as Henrician castles and blockhouses, were a series of artillery fortifications built to defend the coast of England and...
The DeviceForts, also known as Henrician castles and blockhouses, were a series of artillery fortifications built to defend the coast of England and...
The Palmerston Forts are a group offorts and associated structures around the coasts of the United Kingdom and Ireland. The forts were built during the...
Palmerston Forts are forts built during the Victorian era. The name comes from their association with Lord Palmerston, who was the Prime Minister of the time...
improvised explosive device (IED) is a bomb constructed and deployed in ways other than in conventional military action. It may be constructed of conventional...
and "without the consent of (the) government". This is a listof links for U.S. Army forts and installations, organized by U.S. state or territory within...
Landguard Fort is a fort at the mouth of the River Orwell outside Felixstowe, Suffolk, designed to guard the mouth of the river. It is now managed by...
Video Presentations 51515 Websites Educational Video Presentations 51515 Devices, Techniques and Methods Educational Video Presentations 51515 Superheroes...
an artillery fort constructed by Henry VIII near Falmouth, Cornwall, England between 1540 and 1542. It formed part of the King's Device programme to protect...
sizes of camps – including large legionary fortresses, smaller forts for cohorts or for auxiliary forces, temporary encampments, and "marching" forts. The...
released during the sixth generation of video games. There are a total of 988 titles on this list. This list does not include Xbox Live Arcade games...
Misspelled as "Ricardo Durante" in the title card. "The Loud House Episode Listings". The Futon Critic. "The Loud House Season 1 Episode Guide". Zap2it. Archived...
Lannvowsedh) is an artillery fort constructed by Henry VIII near Falmouth, Cornwall, between 1540 and 1542. It formed part of the King's Device programme to protect...
outset of the First World War, Paull was judged too close to Hull, so was disarmed when new forts were built at Sunk Island and Stallingborough. The fort was...
incident, the British decided to protect their forts and traders and leave the locals to their own devices, while the Asantes continued to wage war on the...
Castle or Fort Charles is a ruined fortification just off the beach of North Sands in Salcombe, Devon, England, within the South Devon Area of Outstanding...
one of three blockhouses, constructed at Harwich during the reign of Henry VIII, following his visit to the town in 1543. These were DeviceForts, built...
devices, a stabilized main gun and at least a mechanical fire-control system. The third generation is in Western parlance determined by the usage of thermal...
This is a listof episodes of the American series American Pickers. The series premiered on January 18, 2010, on History. As of March 27, 2024,[update]...
known as "Number Five", upon order of the organisation's Number One, devises a plot to steal a Lektor cryptographic device from the Soviets and sell it back...
billion+ budget are in bold. Listof federal installations in Maryland Listof companies headquartered in Northern Virginia Listof space companies and facilities...
Through the middle 19th century, coastal forts could be bastion forts, star forts, polygonal forts, or sea forts, the first three types often with detached...
Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. "Air Crash Investigation TV Listing (Australia)". National Geographic Channel. Archived from the original on...
Global Information
