Lishan Laomu | |||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 驪山老母 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 骊山老母 | ||||||
Literal meaning | The Old Mother of Mount Li | ||||||
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Lishan Laomu (Chinese: 驪山老母/黎山老母/梨山老母; lit. 'The Old Mother of Mount Li') is the goddess of Mount Li in Chinese religion. She is a popular female immortal in the Taoist pantheon, and a high-ranking one according to some late sources. Legend has it that Lishan Laomu, whose surname and origin remain mysterious, is a supremely elevated female immortal dwelling deep within the Mount Li. Her origins are said to derive from Nüwa, the legendary creator and mother goddess.
Lishan Laomu is rarely mentioned in Taoist scriptures. She holds considerable influence in Chinese folklore, with many Taoist temples dedicating incense to her. She is often confused or equated with other deities such as Queen Mother of the West (Wangmu Niangniang), Wusheng Laomu, Doumu Yuanjun, Taiyi Yuanjun (Xuan Miao Yuniang), and Jiutian Xuannü. Alternatively, she might be considered a deity derived from the evolution of their divine attributes.