Species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae
For other uses, see Lily of the valley (disambiguation).
Lily of the valley
Inflorescence
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Clade:
Tracheophytes
Clade:
Angiosperms
Clade:
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Asparagaceae
Subfamily:
Nolinoideae
Genus:
Convallaria
Species:
C. majalis
Binomial name
Convallaria majalis
L.
19th-century illustration
Lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis ; /ˌkɒnvəˈleɪriəməˈdʒeɪlɪs/),[2] sometimes written lily-of-the-valley,[3] is a woodland flowering plant with sweetly scented, pendent, bell-shaped white flowers borne in sprays in spring. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere in Asia and Europe.[4][5]Convallaria majalis var. montana, also known as the American lily of the valley, is native to North America.[6][7]
Due to the concentration of cardiac glycosides (cardenolides), it is highly poisonous if consumed by humans or other animals.[8][9]
Other names include May bells, Our Lady's tears, and Mary's tears. Its French name, muguet, sometimes appears in the names of perfumes imitating the flower's scent. In pre-modern England, the plant was known as glovewort (as it was a wort used to create a salve for sore hands), or Apollinaris (according to a legend that it was discovered by Apollo).[10]
^Bilz, Melanie (2013). "Convallaria majalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T202965A2758291.
^Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. pp. 606–607.
^BSBI List 2007(xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
^"Invasive Species Photo Gallery - Wisconsin DNR". dnr.wi.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
^"lily of the valley: Convallaria majalis (Liliales: Liliaceae): Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States". www.invasiveplantatlas.org. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
^"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
^"ITIS Standard Report Page: Convallaria majuscula". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
^"Lily of the valley: Guide to Poisonous Plants". Colorado State University. 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
^"Lily of the valley: Safe and Poisonous Garden Plants". University of California. 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
^Cockayne, Thomas Oswald (1864). Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England: Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part Never Before Printed, Illustrating the History of Science in this Country Before the Norman Conquest. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green. pp. 121. glovewort.
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