Global InformationLiechtenstein information
Principality of Liechtenstein Fürstentum Liechtenstein (German) | |
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 Flag
 Coat of arms
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| Motto: "Für Gott, Fürst und Vaterland" "For God, Prince and Fatherland" | |
| Anthem: Oben am jungen Rhein (English: "High on the Young Rhine") | |
![Location of Liechtenstein (green) in Europe (agate grey) – [Legend]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Europe-Liechtenstein.svg/250px-Europe-Liechtenstein.svg.png) Location of Liechtenstein (green) in Europe (agate grey) – [Legend] | |
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| Capital | Vaduz |
| Largest municipality | Schaan 47°10′00″N 9°30′35″E / 47.16667°N 9.50972°E |
| Official languages | German |
| Ethnic groups (2017)[1] |
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| Religion (2020)[2] |
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| Demonym(s) | Liechtensteiner |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy with elements of a direct democracy |
• Monarch | Hans-Adam II |
• Regent | Alois |
• Prime Minister | Daniel Risch |
| Legislature | Landtag |
| Independence as principality | |
• Union between Vaduz and Schellenberg | 23 January 1719 |
• Treaty of Pressburg | 12 July 1806 |
• Separation from German Confederation | 23 August 1866 |
| Area | |
• Total | 160 km2 (62 sq mi) (190th) |
• Water (%) | 2.7[3] |
| Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 39,790[4] (189th) |
• Density | 237/km2 (613.8/sq mi) (57th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2013 estimate |
• Total | $5.3 billion[5] (149th) |
• Per capita | $98,432[6][7][8] (3rd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $6.872 billion[9][7][8] (147th) |
• Per capita | $180,000[9][6][7][8] (1st) |
| HDI (2022) |  0.942[10]very high (12th) |
| Currency | Swiss franc (CHF) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +423 |
| ISO 3166 code | LI |
| Internet TLD | .li |
Liechtenstein (/ˈlɪktənstaɪn/ LIK-tən-styne;[11] German: [ˈlɪçtn̩ʃtaɪn] ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (German: Fürstentum Liechtenstein, pronounced [ˈfʏʁstn̩tuːm ˈlɪçtn̩ˌʃtaɪ̯n] ),[12] is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in the Alps, between Austria and Switzerland.[13] Liechtenstein is a semi-constitutional monarchy headed by the prince of Liechtenstein of the House of Liechtenstein, currently led by Hans-Adam II. Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. It is Europe's fourth-smallest country, with an area of just over 160 square kilometres (62 square miles) and a population of 39,790.[14] It is the world's smallest country to border two countries.[15]
Liechtenstein is divided into 11 municipalities. Its capital is Vaduz, and its largest municipality is Schaan. It is a member of the United Nations, the European Free Trade Association, and the Council of Europe. It is not a member state of the European Union, but it participates in both the Schengen Area and the European Economic Area. It has a customs union and a monetary union with Switzerland, with its usage of the Swiss franc. Politically, a constitutional referendum in 2003 granted the monarch greater powers, including being able to dismiss the government, nominate judges and veto legislation.[16]
Economically, Liechtenstein has one of the highest gross domestic products per person in the world when adjusted for purchasing power parity.[17] The country has a strong financial sector centred in Vaduz. It was once known as a billionaire tax haven, culminating in a tax affair in 2008, but the principality has since made vast efforts to shed this reputation. An Alpine country, Liechtenstein is mountainous, making it a winter sport destination.
- ^ Bevölkerungsstatistik 2017 Llv.li, p. 7
- ^ "213.001d Ständige Bevölkerung nach Religion, Stichtag und Variable der Einheit". statistikportal.li. Amt Für Statistik Fürstentum Liechtenstein. 15 December 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
- ^ Raum, Umwelt und Energie Archived 12 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
- ^ "Bevölkerungsstand".
- ^ "Liechtenstein in Figures: 2016" (PDF). Llv.li. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
- ^ a b "Amt für Statistik, Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein". Llv.li. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
- ^ a b c Key Figures for Liechtenstein Archived 17 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
- ^ a b c World Development Indicators, World Bank. Retrieved 1 July 2012. Note: "PPP conversion factor, GDP (LCU per international $)" and "Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)" for Switzerland were used.
- ^ a b Basic Data Selection, (Select all countries, "GDP, Per Capita GDP - US Dollars", and 2020 to generate table), United Nations Statistics Division. Access date: 29 January 2022.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ "Definition of 'Liechtenstein'". Collins English Dictionary.
- ^ Duden Aussprachewörterbuch, s.v. "Liechtenstein[er]".
- ^ "IGU regional conference on environment and quality of life in central Europe". GeoJournal. 28 (4). 1992. doi:10.1007/BF00273120. S2CID 189889904.
- ^ [1]. Amt für Statistik. Liechtenstein. 30 June 2019
- ^ "The smallest countries in the world by area". www.countries-ofthe-world.com. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
- ^ Osborn, Andrew (17 March 2003). "European prince wins new powers". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
- ^ CIA – The World Factbook – Country Comparison :: GDP – per capita (PPP) Archived 24 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine Cia.gov. Retrieved 24 December 2011.