Levantinization is a term used in different contexts to describe non-European cultural influences in the lands of the former Ottoman Empire. The term often carries negative connotations. Cornell associate professor Deborah Starr uses the term to describe the fear of change to Israeli culture during the influx of Mizrahi Jews in the 1950s.[1] In other contexts, the term has sometimes been used in an anti-Islamic context for the perceived "cultural contamination" of European values by "degenerate Levantine influences".[2]
Srinivas Aravamudan describes it as "a strategic deformation of orientalism's representational mechanisms". Aravamudan writes that "levantinizations indicate that agency can be found in a number of guises and forms, sometimes within orientalism itself".[3]