Lebanese Shia Muslims information

Lebanese Shia Muslims
المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون
	Distribution of Shi'a Muslims in Lebanon
Total population
	~1,800,000
Languages
	Vernacular:; Lebanese Arabic
Religion
	Islam (Shia Islam)

Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون), communally and historically known as matāwila (Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوال mutawālin;^[1] pronounced as متوالي metouali or matawali in Lebanese Arabic^[2]), are Lebanese people who are adherents of Shia Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role alongside Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. The vast majority of Shia Muslims in Lebanon adhere to Twelver Shi'ism,^[3]^[4] making them the only major Twelver Shia community extant in the Levant.^[5]

Today, Shia Muslims constitute around 32% of the Lebanese population,^[6] surpassing both the once-majority Christians and Sunnis.^[7] Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shias are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]

^ Wehr, Hans (1976). Cowan, J Milton (ed.). Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic (Third ed.). Ithaca, New York. p. 1101. ISBN 0-87950-001-8. OCLC 2392664. متوال mutawālin successive, consecutive, uninterrupted, incessant; -- (pl. متاولة matāwila) member of the Shiite sect of Metualis in Syria{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Massignon, Louis. "Mutawālī". Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936). doi:10.1163/2214-871X_ei1_SIM_4996.
^ Riad Yazbeck. Return of the Pink Panthers?. Mideast Monitor. Vol. 3, No. 2, August 2008
^ Zoi Constantine (2012-12-13). "Pressures in Syria affect Alawites in Lebanon – The National". Thenational.ae. Retrieved 2013-01-05.
^ Cite error: The named reference Halawi was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Lebanon: people and society"
^ Cohen, Saul Bernard (2015). "Chapter 12: The Middle East Shatterbelt". Geopolitics: the geography of international relations (3rd ed.). Lanham Boulder New York London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 402. ISBN 978-1-4422-2349-3.
^ "Lebanon-Religious Sects". Global security.org. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
^ "March for secularism; religious laws are archaic". NOW News. Archived from the original on 2018-07-18. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
^ "Fadlallah Charges Every Sect in Lebanon Except his Own Wants to Dominate the Country". Naharnet. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
^ "Aspects of Christian-Muslim Relations in Contemporary Lebanon". Macdonald.hartsem.edu. Archived from the original on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2010-08-11.

[1] Wehr, Hans (1976). Cowan, J Milton (ed.). Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic (Third ed.). Ithaca, New York. p. 1101. ISBN 0-87950-001-8. OCLC 2392664. متوال mutawālin successive, consecutive, uninterrupted, incessant; -- (pl. متاولة matāwila) member of the Shiite sect of Metualis in Syria{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[2] Massignon, Louis. "Mutawālī". Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Edition (1913-1936). doi:10.1163/2214-871X_ei1_SIM_4996.

[mideastmonitor.org-3] Riad Yazbeck. Return of the Pink Panthers?. Mideast Monitor. Vol. 3, No. 2, August 2008

[4] Zoi Constantine (2012-12-13). "Pressures in Syria affect Alawites in Lebanon – The National". Thenational.ae. Retrieved 2013-01-05.

[Halawi-5] Cite error: The named reference Halawi was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Lebanon:_people_and_society-6] "Lebanon: people and society"

[7] Cohen, Saul Bernard (2015). "Chapter 12: The Middle East Shatterbelt". Geopolitics: the geography of international relations (3rd ed.). Lanham Boulder New York London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 402. ISBN 978-1-4422-2349-3.

[8] "Lebanon-Religious Sects". Global security.org. Retrieved 2010-08-11.

[9] "March for secularism; religious laws are archaic". NOW News. Archived from the original on 2018-07-18. Retrieved 2010-08-11.

[10] "Fadlallah Charges Every Sect in Lebanon Except his Own Wants to Dominate the Country". Naharnet. Retrieved 2010-08-11.

[11] "Aspects of Christian-Muslim Relations in Contemporary Lebanon". Macdonald.hartsem.edu. Archived from the original on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2010-08-11.

Lebanese Shia Muslims information

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