A group of Le Mans Prototypes competing in the American Le Mans Series, 2007Audi R10 TDI in the 2008 12 Hours of Sebring, 2008
A Le Mans Prototype (LMP) is a type of sports prototype race car used in various races and championships, including the 24 Hours of Le Mans, FIA World Endurance Championship, IMSA SportsCar Championship, European Le Mans Series and Asian Le Mans Series. Le Mans Prototypes were created by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). The technical requirements for an LMP include bodywork covering all mechanical elements of the car. As of 2023,[update] there are two classes within Le Mans Prototypes, designated LMP2 and LMP3.
While not as fast as open-wheel Formula One cars around a track, LMP1s were the fastest closed-wheel racing cars used in circuit racing. Le Mans Prototypes are considered a class above production-based grand tourer cars, which compete alongside them in sports car racing. Later LMP1 designs included hybrid cars that use electric motors to assist acceleration.[1]
The Le Mans Prototype LMP1 class has been replaced by Le Mans Hypercars in the FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC) and in the 24 Hours of Le Mans from the 2021 season. Non-hybrid LMP1 cars were eligible to be "grandfathered" for two more seasons and compete alongside the new class for the 2021 to 2022 seasons.[2][3]
Starting from the 2023 season of WEC and IMSA SportsCar Championship, Le Mans Hypercars are joined by Le Mans Daytona h (LMDh) cars.[4][5] These two kinds of prototypes will form the top class of endurance racing: Hypercar in WEC and Grand Touring Prototype (GTP) in IMSA.[6][7]
^Stoklosa, Alexander (4 March 2014). "Porsche 919 Hybrid Le Mans Prototype". CarAndDriver.com. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
^Goodwin, Graham (6 December 2019). "Le Mans Hypercar: Where Things Stand & Your Questions Answered". DailySportsCar.com. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
^Watkins, Gary (16 October 2021). "Alpine WEC LMP1 Car Granted Extra Year of Homologation". Motorsport.com. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
^"LMDh Technical Regulations" (PDF). Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. 5 May 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
^"Cátegories 24 Heures du Mans". 24h-lemans.com. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
^"2021 – The Dawn of a New Endurance Era with Hypercar" (PDF). 24 Hours of Le Mans. 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
^"Categories". 24 Hours of Le Mans. 2021. Archived from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
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