Once upon a time, Hyderabad was known as City of Lakes. Some of these lakes are natural and various are manmade bodies.[1] As per various sources only a few decades back, Hyderabad had a large number of water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, aquaculture ponds, tanks etc. (as per some sources between 3000 and 7000 including natural and manmade bodies. Locally known as cheruvu, kunta, tanks ). Most of these lakes have totally disappeared and the surface area of most of the surviving lakes have shrunken and turned to tiny ponds and cesspool.[2] Some of the lakes which have totally disappeared are Tigal Kunta, Somajiguda Tank, Mir Jumla tank, Pahar Tigal Kunta, Kunta Bhawani Das, Nawab Saheb Kunta, Afzalsagar, Nallakunta, Masab Tank etc.[3] Hussainsagar Lake, Kunta Mallaiyapalli have shrunk drastically.[4] Out of thousands of water bodies those were existing in 1970s in various sizes in and around Hyderabad, today only about 70 to 500 of them have survived. Most of them have disappeared due to encroachment or have been illegally drained for real estate projects by private or government agencies. The existing lakes have been used to dump garbage and sewage water. Most of these lakes and tanks were built during the regime of Qutub Shah in 16th and 17th century and later by Nizams as a source of drinking water for the residents of Hyderabad.[5][6] The area of Hussain Sagar, which is the largest lake in Hyderabad shrunk by more than 40% i.e. from 550 ha to 349 ha in just 30 years. This lake was built in 1575 AD and since 1930 is not being used as a source for drinking water.[7]
Durgam Cheruvu near HITEC City being slowly encroached by expanding cityKhajaguda TalabHimayat Sagar which was once a major source of drinking water for Hyderabad
Similarly, the area occupied by Shamirpet lake shrunk from 486 ha in 1989 to 256 ha in 2006. In total about 3245 ha of water bodies were lost in 12 years (from 1989 to 2001).[8]
As of 2010, 500 lakes were under HUDA jurisdiction. As of May 2018, HUDA maintains record of 169 lakes which occupy an area of more than 10 hectares. Out of this 62 lakes were under the control of government, 25 are owned by private organisations and 82 lakes are under joint government private ownership. As per existing government norms, no construction of any kind, irrespective of the ownership status is allowed on the lake bed. This rules are frequently violated both by government and private agencies.[9]
Some surviving lakes are listed below. Some of them are under restoration with funds provided by the National Lake Conservation Plan.
[10][11][12] Out of the 169 large water bodies notified by HUDA, in first phase it was proposed to restore 87 lakes.[13]
Hussain Sagar
Osman Sagar
Himayat Sagar
Shamirpet Lake
Mir Alam Tank
Safilguda Lake
Ramakrishnapuram Lake
Kapra Lake
Durgam Cheruvu
Alwal Lake
Saroornagar Lake
Bon Cheruvu
Jeedimetla Cheruvu
Rangadhamuni Cheruvu (IDL Lake), Kukatpally
Nacharam Cheruvu
Nallagandla Lake
Khajaguda Talab (Pedda Cheruvu)
Malkam Cheruvu
Kamuni Cheruvu
Langarhouz Cheruvu
Ramanthapur Cheruvu
Aryana Cheruvu
Manikonda Cheruvu (Yellama Cheruvu), near Lanco Hills
Mushkin Cheruvu
Mundikunta Lake
Jalpally lake
Fox Sagar Lake
Ameenpur Lake
Khajaguda Lake
Nanakramguda lake (Wipro lake)
Neknampur Lake
^"Explained: Why the 2,800 lakes in Hyderabad could not prevent a flood this year". 21 October 2020.
^B., Nitin (28 December 2018). "Say your goodbyes to Hyderabad lakes". The NEWS Minute. Hyderabad. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
^Gumma, Ravi Kumar (September 2013). GROUND WATER BROCHURE (PDF). CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA (Report). Hyderabad: MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
^Nanisetti, Serish (14 October 2017). "In Hyderabad, lakes are nothing but urban myths". The Hindu. Hyderabad. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
^"WHY IS HYDERABAD RUNNING OUT OF WATER?". World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
^"Hyderabad's water blues: Lakes, rivers fall prey to urbanisation" (PDF). RainWaterHarvesting.org. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
^"CASES ON PROTECTION OF LAKES". Centre for Science and Environment. 9 May 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
^Prakash, Anjal (4 March 2013). Written at Hyderabad. Lakes of Hyderabad: Would they survive? (PDF). South Asia Consortium for Interdisciplinary Water Resources Studies (Report). New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environment. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
^"Hyderabad: Over 3,000 water bodies disappear in 2 decades". Deccan Chronicle. Hyderabad. 5 May 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
^http://www.worldlakes.org/uploads/Management_of_lakes_in_India_10Mar04.pdf Management of Lakes in Inda
^"Hyderabad: Most lakes are either dead or dying". Times of India. Hyderabad. 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
^Bharat Lal Seth (4 July 2015). "Lakes do the disappearing act". DownToEarth. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
^Ranjan, Jayesh. Conservation of Urban lakes in Hyderabad Urban Area (PDF). HUDA (Report). Hyderabad: HUDA. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
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