Music of Southeast Asia • Music of Brunei• Music of Indonesia • Music of Malaysia • Music of Philippines • Music of East Timor
Cultural origins
Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Southern Philippines, East Timor
Typical instruments
Kulintang • Agung • Gandingan • Babandil • Dabakan
Various hanging Gongs (gong ageng, gong suwukan, kempul) of Gamelan in Indonesia
Music of Indonesia
Genres
Classical
Kecapi suling
Tembang sunda
Kecak
Pop Indo
Hip hop
Dangdut
Campursari
Kroncong
Langgam jawa
Celempungan
Gambang kromong
Tanjidor
Gambus
Jaipongan
Pop Sunda
Qasidah modern
Rock
Tapanuli ogong
Specific forms
Angklung
Beleganjur
Calung
Degung
Gamelan
Gambang
Gender Wayang
Gong gede
Gong kebyar
Jegog
Joged bumbung
Melayu
Karinding
Kendang
Kolintang
Kulintang
Kuriding
Kurung-kurung
Salendro
Selunding
Semar pegulingan
Surakarta
Gendang beleq
Gordang sambilan
Saluang
Suling
Talempong
Tarawangsa
Tifa totobuang
Regional music
Bali
Borneo
Java
Moluccan Islands
Papua
Sulawesi
Sumatra
Sundanese
Melayu
Minangkabau
Bataks
Dayaks
Ambonese
Buginese
Acehnese
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Kulintang (Indonesian: kolintang,[13] Malay: kulintangan[14])
is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums. As part of the larger gong-chime culture of Southeast Asia, kulintang music ensembles have been playing for many centuries in regions of the Southern Philippines, Eastern Malaysia, Eastern Indonesia, Brunei and Timor,[15] Kulintang evolved from a simple native signaling tradition, and developed into its present form with the incorporation of knobbed gongs from Sundanese people in Java Island, Indonesia.[5] Its importance stems from its association with the indigenous cultures that inhabited these islands prior to the influences of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity or the West, making kulintang the most developed tradition of Southeast Asian archaic gong-chime ensembles.
Technically, kulintang is the Maguindanaon, Lumad Ternate, Mollucas, and Timor term for the idiophone of metal gong kettles which are laid horizontally upon a rack to create an entire kulintang set.[16] It is played by striking the bosses of the gongs with two wooden beaters. Due to its use across a wide variety groups and languages, the kulintang is also called kolintang by the people of Maranao and Sulawesi, kulintango by Mongondow,[17]totobuang by those in central Maluku, kulintangan and gulintangan by those in Brunei, Sabah, North Kalimantan and the Sulu Archipelago.[18] Gulintangan or gulingtangan literally means rolling hands in Brunei, Sabah and Sulu[19]
By the twentieth century, the term kulintang had a come to denote an entire Maguindanao ensemble of five to six instruments.[20] Traditionally the Maguindanao term for the entire ensemble is basalen or palabunibunyan, the latter term meaning “an ensemble of loud instruments” or “music-making” or in this case “music-making using a kulintang.”[21]
^Brunei. Jabatan Penyiaran dan Penerangan, ed. (1985). Brunei Darussalam, Issues 1-41. Department of Information, Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports, Brunei Darussalam.
^Matussin bin Omar, ed. (1981). Archaeological Excavations in Protohistoric Brunei Penerbitan khas. Muzium Brunei.
^Sachs, Curt. The History of Musical Instruments. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., Inc, 1940.
^Kunst, Jaap. Music in Java. 2. Netherlands: The Hague, 1949.
^ abcCadar, Usopay Hamdag (1971). The Maranao Kolintang Music: An Analysis of the Instruments, Musical Organization, Ethmologies, and Historical Documents. Seattle, WA: University of Washington.
^KULINTANGAN: A STUDY OF PRODUCTION PROCESS
2019Adsone Matthew Mitty Gabu Gabu10.35631/ijham.25007International Journal of Heritage, Art and Multimedia
^Abdullah, Samsuddin N. PhD. (2020) History, development and influence of kulintang music to the cultural heritage (adat-betad) of Maguindanaon.
^Tremillio, Ricardo (1972). Tradition and repertoire in the cultivated music of the Tausug of Sulu, Philippines
^Frame, Edward M.. "The Musical Instruments of Sabah, Malaysia." Ethnomusicology 26(1982):
^ abCite error: The named reference Matusky2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Ethnic Music". Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Berlin – Germany. 2007. Retrieved February 22, 2007.
^Maceda, Jose. Gongs and Bamboo: A Panorama of Philippine Music Instruments. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 1998.
^"Kolintang". Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (in Indonesian). kolintang /ko·lin.tang/ n Mus alat musik pukul yang terdiri atas bilah-bilah kayu yang disusun berderet dan dipasang di atas sebuah bak kayu (seperti gambang), terutama terdapat di Sulawesi Utara
^Matusky, Patricia (2015). "Kulintangan". Oxford Music Online. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.L2281450. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Gong chime of Sabah, Malaysia. Found throughout Sabah, but especially in the coastal communities, the kulintangan is a set of small, brass, pot-shaped bossed gongs placed horizontally (with boss upward) in a single row in a wooden frame. Along the west coast seven to nine gongs constitute a set, and on the east coast a set can have five to seven or more gongs. Sometimes the gongs are decorated with embossed geometric patterns. The player sits on the floor before the frame and plays the gongs with a pair of wooden beaters
^Amin, Mohammad (2005). "A Comparison of Music of the Philippines and Sulawesi". Sulawesi. Retrieved February 22, 2007.
^Benitez, Kristina. The Maguindanaon Kulintang: Musical Innovation, Transformation and the Concept of Binalig. Ann Harbor, MI: University of Michigan, 2005.
^Prasetyadi, Kristian Oka (2021-12-11). "Menabuh Kulintango, Menyelamatkan Bintauna". kompas.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-11-07.
^Cadar, Usopay H.. "The Role of Kolintang Music in Maranao Society." Asian Music Vol. 27, No. 2. (Spring – Summer, 1996), pp. 80–103.
^"Silat martial ritual initiation in Brunei Darussalam" (PDF).
^Cadar, Usopay Hamdag. "Maranao Kolintang Music and Its Journey in America." Asian Music 27(1996): 131–146.
^Butocan, Aga Mayo (2007). "Maguindanao Kulintang". Tao Music. Archived from the original on July 5, 2007. Retrieved February 22, 2007.
Kulintang (Indonesian: kolintang, Malay: kulintangan) is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally...
(rack). Kulintang a tiniok is a Maguindanaon term meaning "kulintang with string," but they also could call them kulintang a putao, meaning "kulintang of metal...
Sama-Bajau and Tausug people of the Philippines as a supportive instrument in kulintang ensembles. The agung is also ubiquitous among other groups found in Palawan...
Maguindanao kulintang ensemble is a musical ensemble in the kulintang tradition of the Maranao and the Maguindanao. Other forms of the kulintang ensembles...
important instrument in many Indonesian musical ensembles, such as gamelan, kulintang, and talempong. The most popular and famous form of Indonesian music is...
Christianization, and less frequently imports of flat chau gongs from China. Kulintang refers to a racked gong chime instrument played in the southern islands...
buzzer Gandingan – set of four large hanging knobbed gongs Kagul – scraper Kulintang – set of eight tuned gongs placed horizontally in an ornate frame, tuned...
of four large, hanging gongs used by the Maguindanao as part of their kulintang ensemble. When integrated into the ensemble, it functions as a secondary...
online textbook about Southern Pilipino Kulintang Music with an extensive section devoted to baked beans: the kulintang, gandingan, agung and the babendil...
style of the kulintang instrument, of which the Sinulog a kinukulintangan; a piece that embellishes the main melody of the kulintang's Sinulog a kangungudan...
primarily used as a supportive instrument in the kulintang ensemble. Among the five main kulintang instruments, it is the only non-gong element of the...
The kulintang a kayo (literally, “wooden kulintang”) is a Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight tuned slabs strung horizontally atop...
the Maguindanao kulintang ensemble. The babendil usually has a diameter of roughly one foot making it larger than the largest kulintang gong and comparable...
Indonesia; piphat and pinpeat ensembles of Thailand and Cambodia; and the kulintang ensembles of the southern Philippines, Borneo, Sulawesi and Timor are...
in their rituals. Angklung, kacapi suling, gong, gamelan, talempong, kulintang, and sasando are examples of traditional Indonesian instruments. The diverse...
communication. In East Malaysia, gong-based musical ensembles such as agung and kulintang are commonly used in ceremonies such as funerals and weddings. These ensembles...
of solidarity. One type of traditional Moro musical instrument is the kulintang, a gong made from bronze or brass found in the southern Philippines. This...
Gangsa Geger Gendèr Glockenspiel Gong Hand bells Handpan Jegogan Jublag Kulintang a Tiniok/Sarunay Mark tree Orff metallophones Ranat ek lek Ranat thum...
Sulaiman, Nguda Latip, Ali Ahmad and Tukal Nanalon. Sulaiman also plays the kulintang, agong (suspended bossed gong with wide rim), gandingan, palendag, and...
Lithophone Celesta Dulcitone Fangxiang Gangsa Gendèr Glockenspiel Kulintang a tiniok, kulintang a putao, or sarunay Metallophone Metal Marimbaphone (also bowed)...
Catholics—revolves around kulintang music, a specific type of gong music. Unique to the Soccsksargen, elements of kulintang may be loosely compared to...
somewhat more Hispanic in flavour, differs from Ifugao music and Maranao kulintang music. Ethnomusicologists such as Ramon Santos and Corazon Canave-Dioquino...
of Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese music. It is also used in various Kulintang ensembles in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines...
from the belled accessory worn on the ankles of the Maranao princess. A kulintang and agung ensemble always accompanies the dance. Singkil has evolved over...
"Traditional Music of the Southern Philippines". PnoyAndTheCity: A center for Kulintang - A home for Pasikings. Retrieved February 15, 2007. Abidin, Yumetri....
lesser nobility, and the common lawig analogous to the bahay kubo. Maranao kulintang music is a type of a gong music. Sarunaay is also found among both Muslim...
celebrations (traditionally at night time), usually accompanied by music from kulintang gong ensembles, Tambor drums, and kudyapi stringed instruments. It is...