The door of the Kouroukan Fouga, in actual Kangaba, in Republic of Mali
Kouroukan Fouga, or Kurukan Fuga, was the constitution of the Mali Empire created after the Battle of Krina (1235) by an assembly of nobles to create a government for the newly established empire, according to the Epic of Sundiata.[1] According to oral tradition of the griot poets of Mali and Guinea, the Kouroukan Fouga established the federation of Mandinka clans under one government, outlined how it would operate and established the laws by which the people would live. The name Kurukan Fuga is a toponym, translating to "clearing on granite/lateritic rock",[2] referring to the plain near the town of Ka-ba (present day Kangaba) where the narrative has Sundiata Keita present the charter.
The "Manden Charter, proclaimed in Kurukan Fuga", was inscribed in 2009 (4.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity kept by UNESCO.[3]
^Djibril Tamsir Niane, Soundjata ou l'Epoupée Mandingue (Paris, 1960). English translation by G. D. Pickett as Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali (London, 1965) and subsequent reprinted editions. Youssef Cissé and W Kamisoko, eds.and transl, Soundiata, la gloire du Mali. La grande geste du Mali (2 vols., Paris, 1991).[page needed]. Ralph Austin, ed. In search of Sunjata: the Mande oral epic as history, literature and performance (Bloomington, 1999).[page needed]
^clairière au sol granitique: Diango Cissé, Structures des Malinké de Kita (contribution à une anthropologie sociale et politique du Mali), Collection "Hier", Éditions populaires, 1970, p. 19; clairière latérique sur roche: Projet Boucle du Niger, Actes du colloque: histoire et tradition orale : 1ère année, l'Empire du Mali : premier colloque international de Bamako, 27 janvier - 1er février 1975 Author, p. 100.
^Manden Charter, proclaimed in Kurukan Fuga, Fourth Session of the Intergovernmental Committee (4.COM) – Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 28 September to 2 October 2009, Decision 4.COM 13.59: "The Manden Charter, recognized by its community members as an essential part of their heritage, is customary law on the basis of which they regulate their social life while respecting nature and the changing environment; it is passed on orally from generation to generation and provides a sense of belonging, identity and continuity to its community"
KouroukanFouga, or Kurukan Fuga, was the constitution of the Mali Empire created after the Battle of Krina (1235) by an assembly of nobles to create...
on the orders of Sundiata in the Mandinka constitution known as the KouroukanFouga. The Gbara was made up of 32 members from around 29 mostly Mandinka...
them through consistent oral tradition, as illustrated e.g. by the KouroukanFouga, a charter proclaimed by the Mali Empire in 1222–1236, enumerating...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
1235, Sundiata Keita proclaimed the Manden Charter, also known as the KouroukanFouga after the field near Kangaba where it was created, perhaps the oldest...
records, as their laws were often passed orally. In the Mali Empire, the KouroukanFouga, was proclaimed in 1222–1236 AD as the official constitution of the...
notables at his coronation with an oral constitution known as the KouroukanFouga. His model for government would guide the empire into greatness. His...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
during the reign of Mansa Sundiata Keita. Known as the Gbara and the KouroukanFouga, although not written and even subject to alterations in retelling...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
By tradition, the Manden Charter, a constitution, is proclaimed in KouroukanFouga. November 2 – Henry of Almain, King of the Romans (d. 1271) probable...
local matters and on county officials was based on land size. The KouroukanFouga divided the Mali Empire into ruling clans (lineages) that were represented...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
Jaffna, capital of the Jaffna Kingdom (located in modern Sri Lanka). KouroukanFouga, the constitution of the Mali Empire, is created by an assembly of...
wealth, scholarship, and civility. From the early 13th century, the KouroukanFouga, Mali's constitution, was the law of the land. The North African scholar...
By tradition, the Manden Charter, a constitution, is proclaimed in KouroukanFouga. Spring – A fleet consisting of ships from the republics of Venice...
AD) Kingdom of Wuli (1235–1889 AD) Mali Empire (A) (1235–1670 AD) (KouroukanFouga) preceded by Manden/Kangaba Kingdom and the Twelve Doors of Mali (1050–1237...
precedent, although the systems developed slowly. The Malian constitution, KouroukanFouga, was proclaimed in 1222–1236 AD, enumerating regulations in both constitutional...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
Koumbi Saleh Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670) Musa I of Mali Mandinka people KouroukanFouga Great Mosque of Djenné Sankore Madrasah Gao Empire (9th century–1430)...
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